🟩 adjective /ˈædʒɪktɪv/
📘 词性：名词 (noun)
📘 词源：来自拉丁语 adiectivum（意为 “附加的词”）← ad（to）+ iacere（throw）→ “附加到名词上的词”
🔹 一、基本释义（Oxford 定义）
1️⃣ 形容词（a word that describes a noun）
a word that describes a person or thing (a noun), for example big, red, clever, beautiful, industrial, academic
📘 中文释义：
形容词（用来描述人、事物、性质或状态的词）
📘 例句：
In “a tall building”, “tall” is an adjective. 在 “a tall building”（一座高楼）中，“tall” 是形容词。 Common adjectives include words like “good”, “bad”, “happy”, and “difficult”. 常见的形容词有 “good, bad, happy, difficult” 等。
📘 说明：
形容词通常放在名词前或系动词（be, seem, become等）后面，用来说明“名词的性质、状态或特征”。
🔹 二、语法功能（Grammatical Function）
功能
位置
示例
定语（Attributive use）
放在名词前
a beautiful garden（一个美丽的花园）
表语（Predicative use）
放在系动词后
The garden is beautiful.（花园很美。）
📘 其他少见用法：
后置形容词（Postpositive adjectives） > the president elect, the best option available 复合形容词（Compound adjectives） > a well-known author, a high-tech company
🔹 三、形容词的主要类别（Types of Adjectives）
类型
功能
示例
描写性形容词 (Descriptive)
描述外貌、性质、情感
beautiful, tall, angry, difficult
数量形容词 (Quantitative)
表示数量
many, few, several, numerous
指示形容词 (Demonstrative)
指明对象
this, that, these, those
所有格形容词 (Possessive)
表示所属
my, your, his, her, their
疑问形容词 (Interrogative)
用于疑问句
which, what, whose
分配形容词 (Distributive)
表“每一个”
each, every, either, neither
不定形容词 (Indefinite)
表泛指
some, any, few, several
专有形容词 (Proper)
来源于专有名词
American, Chinese, Shakespearean
🔹 四、形容词的比较级与最高级（Degrees of Comparison）
级别
构成方式
示例
中文释义
原级
形容词原形
tall, happy
高的，高兴的
比较级
+er / more + adj.
taller, more beautiful
更高，更美丽
最高级
+est / most + adj.
tallest, most beautiful
最高，最美丽
📘 例句：
She is taller than her brother. This is the most important question. That building is as old as the church.
📘 雅思写作高分句型示例：
The new policy is more effective than previous ones. Education plays the most significant role in social development.
🔹 五、形容词顺序（Order of Adjectives）
当多个形容词修饰同一个名词时，顺序一般为：
数量 → 观点 → 大小 → 形状 → 年龄 → 颜色 → 来源 → 材料 → 用途 + 名词
📘 例句：
a beautiful small old French wooden dining table
（一个漂亮的、小的、古老的、法国的、木制的餐桌）
📘 雅思写作常见搭配：
an effective international environmental policy a large modern public transportation system
🔹 六、形容词常见搭配（Adjective Collocations）
常见搭配
示例句
make + adj. + noun
We need to make major improvements.
be + adj. + to do sth
It is important to study regularly.
find sth + adj.
I found the lecture interesting.
adjective + enough
She is qualified enough for the job.
too + adjective + to
It is too difficult to complete on time.
🔹 七、派生词（Word Family）
单词
词性
中文释义
示例
adjectival
adj.
形容词的；作形容词用的
The adjectival form of the word is “economic”.
adjectively
adv.
作为形容词地
The term is used adjectively here.
🔹 八、相关语法术语对比（Grammar Family）
词类
功能
示例
noun
名词
book, city, idea
verb
动词
run, believe, build
adjective
形容词
large, efficient, modern
adverb
副词
quickly, effectively, significantly
preposition
介词
in, on, under
conjunction
连词
and, but, although
📘 区别举例：
He is a careful driver. → adjective 修饰名词 He drives carefully. → adverb 修饰动词
🔹 九、雅思与学术写作用法（IELTS & Academic English）
📘 高分形容词用于 Task 2（学术类）常见表达：
主题
高级形容词
示例句
教育
effective, inclusive, accessible
Governments should provide accessible education for all.
科技
advanced, innovative, emerging
Innovative technologies improve productivity.
社会问题
critical, complex, urgent
Climate change is a critical global issue.
经济
sustainable, significant, substantial
Investment has a significant impact on growth.
文化
traditional, contemporary, diverse
Diverse cultures enrich societies.
🔹 十、常见错误与纠正（Common Mistakes）
错误句
正确句
说明
❌ He is an extreme intelligent man.
✅ He is an extremely intelligent man.
副词 extremely 修饰形容词。
❌ I feel happily today.
✅ I feel happy today.
系动词后用形容词。
❌ She sings beautiful.
✅ She sings beautifully.
动词后用副词。
❌ This is more easier.
✅ This is easier.
比较级前不用 more。
🔹 十一、学术表达中的典型搭配（Advanced Collocations）
搭配
示例
adjective + noun
global warming, economic growth, social development
be + adjective + that-clause
It is essential that governments act immediately.
make sth + adjective
This decision makes the policy more effective.
remain / seem / become + adjective
The situation remains unstable.
🧾 总结表（Summary）
项目
内容
音标
/ˈædʒɪktɪv/
词性
名词
核心义
形容词（修饰名词的词）
相关词性
adjectival (adj.), adjectively (adv.)
常见搭配
adjective + noun；be + adjective
反义词类比
adverb（副词）
语域
通用；学术写作中核心语法概念
🏆 雅思写作高分句型示例
1️⃣ Education plays a crucial role in personal and social development.
2️⃣ The Internet has become an indispensable tool in modern communication.
3️⃣ Effective policies are essential for sustainable economic growth.
4️⃣ The results show a significant improvement in students’ performance.
5️⃣ An efficient transportation system is vital to urban development.
🟩 adjoin
📘 音标：/əˈdʒɔɪn/
📘 词性：动词 (verb)
📘 词源：来自拉丁语 ad-（to, toward）+ jungere（to join）→ “连接到……旁边”
🔹 一、Oxford 定义（核心义）
adjoin (formal)
to be next to or joined to something
📘 中文释义：
（正式用语）邻接；毗连；紧挨着；与……相连
🔹 二、用法讲解（Usage Notes）
项目
内容
语域
正式（书面语、地理、法律、学术环境常用）
动词类型
不及物动词 (vi) / 及物动词 (vt)
常见结构
adjoin sth / sth adjoins sth
📘 常见搭配结构：
A adjoins B → A 毗邻 B adjoining rooms/buildings/lands → 相连的房间/建筑/土地
🔹 三、例句（Oxford + 雅思标准例句）
1️⃣ The two rooms adjoin each other.
这两个房间彼此相连。
2️⃣ The dining room adjoins the kitchen.
餐厅紧挨着厨房。
3️⃣ The park adjoins the river on the east side.
公园东侧紧邻河流。
4️⃣ Their property adjoins a large public garden.
他们的房产与一个大型公共花园相邻。
📘 语法说明：
adjoin 一般不用进行时（❌ is adjoining），
因为它描述的是一种固定空间关系，不是动作。
🔹 四、常见派生表达（Related Forms）
词形
词性
中文释义
示例
adjoining
adj.
相邻的；毗连的
an adjoining room（相邻的房间）
adjoined
adj.（少用）
被连接的
the adjoined buildings（相连建筑）
📘 例句：
We stayed in adjoining rooms at the hotel. 我们在酒店住在相邻的房间。 The adjoining countries share a long border. 毗邻的国家共享漫长的边界。
🔹 五、与相似词比较（Synonyms & Differences）
词汇
含义
语域
区别
adjoin
紧挨、相连
正式
用于书面语、空间关系
border
接壤、有边界
中性
常用于国家或地区间的边界
neighbor
相邻、毗邻
口语
常指房屋、地块、人
abut
毗连、贴靠
正式 / 技术用语
常用于法律、工程、地理领域
📘 例句对比：
The property adjoins the forest. ✅（正式） The property borders on the forest. ✅（普通） The property abuts the forest. ✅（法律/技术语气）
🔹 六、学术与专业用法（IELTS / Academic English）
📘 在雅思写作 Task 1（地图题）中非常有用：
The library adjoins the main lecture hall on the west side. The cafeteria is adjoining the student center. （❌）→ is next to ✅ The residential area adjoins the industrial zone.
📘 在学术写作中（尤其地理、城市规划、法律等领域）常见：
The land adjoins the national park and is protected by law. The university campus adjoins the city’s historic district.
🔹 七、固定搭配（Collocations）
搭配
示例句
adjoin each other
The two buildings adjoin each other.
adjoin the border
The village adjoins the border of two countries.
adjoining land / property / room / area
They own adjoining land in the countryside.
closely adjoining
Several closely adjoining farms were merged into one.
🔹 八、常见错误与纠正（Common Mistakes）
错误句
正确句
说明
❌ The room is adjoining the kitchen.
✅ The room adjoins the kitchen.
不用进行时。
❌ Adjoin with the park.
✅ Adjoin the park.
不加 “with”。
❌ They adjoined to each other.
✅ They adjoin each other.
不接 “to”。
🔹 九、同词族（Word Family）
单词
词性
中文释义
示例
adjoin
v.
毗连，紧挨
The garden adjoins the river.
adjoining
adj.
相邻的
The adjoining rooms are connected by a door.
adjacency
n.
邻接；毗连
The adjacency of the two regions led to cooperation.
adjacent
adj.
毗邻的（更常用）
The adjacent countries signed an agreement.
🔹 十、总结表（Summary Table）
项目
内容
词性
动词 (vt/vi)
音标
/əˈdʒɔɪn/
中文释义
毗连；紧挨；与……相连
常见搭配
adjoin sth; adjoining rooms; adjoin the park
语域
正式（书面语）
常见错误
不与 to 连用；不使用进行时
同义词
border, neighbor, abut
派生词
adjoining (adj.), adjacency (n.)
🏆 雅思地图题 & 写作高分例句
1️⃣ The main hall adjoins the cafeteria on the north side.
2️⃣ A large parking area adjoins the supermarket.
3️⃣ Several adjoining offices were converted into a conference room.
4️⃣ The two lakes are adjoined by a narrow channel.
5️⃣ The adjacency of the railway line increases noise in nearby houses.
🟩 adjust
📘 音标：/əˈdʒʌst/
📘 词性：动词 (verb)
📘 词源：来自拉丁语 ad-（toward）+ justus（正确、公正）→ “使之合适、正确”
🔹 一、Oxford 定义（核心义）
1️⃣ 改变或调节以适应（to change something slightly to make it better or more suitable）
to change something slightly to make it fit, work better, or be more suitable
📘 中文释义：
调整；调节；改变（使更合适）
📘 例句：
You should adjust the seat before driving. 开车前应调整座椅。 The figures have been adjusted for inflation. 数据已根据通货膨胀进行了调整。 It only took a few minutes to adjust the settings. 只花了几分钟调整设置。
2️⃣ 适应（to get used to a new situation）
to get used to a new situation by changing the way you behave
📘 中文释义：
适应（新环境、条件等）
📘 例句：
It took her a while to adjust to the new school. 她花了一段时间才适应新学校。 Employees must adjust to technological change. 员工必须适应技术变革。 I soon adjusted myself to the local climate. 我很快适应了当地气候。
3️⃣ 调解；解决（to change something to correct a problem）
to change or move something slightly to make it more correct or effective
📘 例句：
You can adjust the balance between work and leisure. 你可以调整工作与休闲之间的平衡。 Prices were adjusted according to demand. 价格根据需求进行了调整。
🔹 二、用法说明（Grammar & Usage）
用法
结构
示例
及物动词 (vt)
adjust sth
Adjust the mirror before you start the car.
不及物动词 (vi)
adjust to sth
She soon adjusted to her new life abroad.
反身用法 (adjust oneself to sth)
适应某种情况
He quickly adjusted himself to the new environment.
🔹 三、常见搭配（Collocations）
搭配
示例句
adjust to + noun
Children take time to adjust to a new school.
adjust for + noun
The results were adjusted for age and gender.
adjust settings / controls / volume / seat
Please adjust the seat height.
adjust behaviour / attitude / lifestyle
We need to adjust our lifestyle to reduce stress.
adjust the balance / difference / position
Try to adjust the balance between study and leisure.
🔹 四、常见派生词（Word Family）
单词
词性
中文释义
示例
adjustable
adj.
可调节的；可调整的
The chair is fully adjustable.
adjustment
n.
调整；调节；改动；适应
The company made several adjustments to its policy.
adjuster
n.
调整器；调节装置
Use the adjuster to change the height.
🟩 adjustable
📘 音标：/əˈdʒʌstəbl/
📘 词性：形容词 (adjective)
🔹 一、Oxford 定义
that can be changed or moved to suit particular needs
📘 中文释义：
可调节的；可调整的；可改变的
📘 例句：
This desk has an adjustable height. 这张桌子的高度可调。 The seat is fully adjustable for comfort. 座椅可以完全调节以增加舒适度。 The brightness is adjustable according to the lighting conditions. 亮度可根据光线条件调整。
📘 典型搭配：
adjustable strap / seat / lens / setting / wrench an adjustable plan / schedule
📘 雅思写作高分句型：
An adjustable schedule allows employees to manage their time effectively. Modern devices often include adjustable settings to suit user preferences.
🟩 adjustment
📘 音标：/əˈdʒʌstmənt/
📘 词性：名词 (noun)
🔹 一、Oxford 定义
1️⃣ a small change made to something in order to correct or improve it
2️⃣ the process of getting used to a new situation
📘 中文释义：
1️⃣ 调整；改动；微调
2️⃣ 适应；调节（心理或行为上的）
1️⃣ 表“调整 / 改动”
📘 例句：
Minor adjustments were made to the design. 设计做了一些小调整。 The price requires further adjustment. 价格还需进一步调整。 We made an adjustment to the schedule. 我们对时间表做了调整。
2️⃣ 表“适应（变化）”
📘 例句：
It took a while for him to make the adjustment to life abroad. 他花了一段时间适应国外生活。 The company’s quick adjustment to new policies ensured success. 公司对新政策的迅速适应确保了成功。
🔹 二、常见搭配（Collocations）
搭配
示例句
make an adjustment
We need to make some adjustments to our plan.
slight / minor / major adjustment
Only minor adjustments were necessary.
adjustment to / for
Adjustments to the system are currently being tested.
adjustment period / process
The adjustment period after moving abroad can be stressful.
psychological / economic adjustment
Immigrants often face psychological adjustment challenges.
🔹 三、派生关系（Word Family Tree）
单词
词性
中文释义
示例
adjust
v.
调整；适应
It took time to adjust to the climate.
adjustable
adj.
可调节的
The chair is adjustable in height.
adjustment
n.
调整；适应
We made several adjustments to the system.
adjuster
n.
调节装置
Turn the adjuster to tighten the strap.
🔹 四、与相似词比较（Synonyms & Differences）
单词
含义
区别
modify
修改
多指改变设计或形式
adapt
适应
强调对环境或条件的适应
alter
改变
程度比 adjust 大
regulate
调控
多用于系统、法律、机器
fine-tune
精调
常用于比喻性“优化”
📘 对比例句：
We need to adjust the temperature.（微调） We must modify the plan.（修改） She quickly adapted to her new job.（适应）
🔹 五、雅思写作与口语高分用法
📘 IELTS Writing Task 2：
Governments must adjust policies to meet global challenges. It often takes time for students to adjust to university life. Some adjustments in working hours can improve productivity. Modern workplaces require adjustable schedules for flexibility.
📘 IELTS Speaking：
“I needed a few weeks to adjust to the new environment.” “I like desks that are adjustable in height.” “It was a big adjustment moving to another country.”
🔹 六、总结表（Summary Table）
项目
adjust
adjustable
adjustment
词性
动词
形容词
名词
中文释义
调整；适应
可调节的
调整；适应
用法
adjust sth / adjust to sth
adj. + noun
make an adjustment
语域
中性 / 学术常用
技术 / 实用
正式书面语
常见搭配
adjust settings / adjust to change
adjustable seat / system
make an adjustment to
同义词
modify, adapt
adaptable, flexible
modification, change
🏆 雅思高分例句精选
1️⃣ People must learn to adjust to rapid technological changes.
2️⃣ Some adjustments to government policy are urgently required.
3️⃣ The seat is fully adjustable, making it suitable for all users.
4️⃣ It can be difficult to adjust after moving to a new country.
5️⃣ The company made necessary adjustments to improve efficiency.
🟩 administer
📘 音标：/ədˈmɪnɪstə(r)/
📘 词性：动词 (verb)
📘 词源：拉丁语 ad-（to）+ ministrare（serve）→ “去服务 / 管理 / 施行”
🔹 一、Oxford 定义
1️⃣ 管理；治理（to manage or control the operation of something）
to manage or be responsible for the running of a business, organization, etc.
📘 中文释义：
管理；治理；执行（政策、事务等）
📘 例句：
The school is administered by a local education authority. 这所学校由地方教育局管理。 The charity is administered by volunteers. 这个慈善机构由志愿者管理。 A new manager will administer the department. 新经理将负责这个部门的管理。
📘 同义词：manage, oversee, supervise, run, govern
2️⃣ 执行；施行（to provide or apply something officially）
to cause someone to receive something officially or medically
📘 中文释义：
执行；施行（法律、惩罚） / 给予（药物、治疗）
📘 例句：
The test was administered under strict conditions. 测试在严格条件下进行。 The doctor administered the medicine to the patient. 医生给病人服用了药。 Justice must be administered fairly. 司法必须公正执行。
📘 固定搭配：
administer justice（执法；执行司法） administer punishment（施加惩罚） administer a drug / vaccine（施用药物 / 疫苗）
🔹 二、语法用法（Grammar）
用法
结构
示例
及物动词 (vt)
administer sth
The government administers public funds.
及物 + to
administer sth to sb
Nurses administered the vaccine to children.
🔹 三、常见搭配（Collocations）
搭配
示例
administer a program / policy / law
The agency administers immigration laws.
administer medication / vaccine / treatment
The nurse administered the injection.
administer justice / punishment / aid
Justice must be administered impartially.
🟩 administration
📘 音标：/ədˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃn/
📘 词性：名词 (noun)
🔹 一、Oxford 定义
1️⃣ 管理；行政（the process or activity of running a business, organization, etc.）
the process or activity of running a business, organization, etc.
📘 中文释义：
管理；行政；执行；经营
📘 例句：
The day-to-day administration of the company is handled by the manager. 公司的日常管理由经理负责。 He works in the university administration. 他在大学行政部门工作。 Efficient administration is vital to a successful school. 高效管理对学校的成功至关重要。
📘 同义词：management, governance, operation
2️⃣ 政府；当局（the government of a country）
the government of a country, especially in the U.S.
📘 中文释义：
政府；行政当局；政权（尤指美国某届政府）
📘 例句：
The Biden administration introduced new environmental policies. 拜登政府推出了新的环保政策。 The previous administration failed to control inflation. 前任政府未能控制通货膨胀。
3️⃣ 执行；施行（the act of giving something such as medicine or punishment）
the act of giving or applying something, such as medicine, justice, or punishment
📘 中文释义：
施行；执行（法律、药物、惩罚等）
📘 例句：
The administration of justice must be fair. 司法的执行必须公正。 The administration of the vaccine began last week. 疫苗接种于上周开始。
🔹 四、常见搭配（Collocations）
搭配
示例
public administration
He studied public administration at university.
school / hospital / company administration
The hospital administration improved patient care.
government / presidential administration
The new administration faces economic challenges.
efficient / effective administration
Efficient administration reduces costs.
administration of justice / medicine / funds
The administration of justice must be impartial.
🟩 administrative
📘 音标：/ədˈmɪnɪstrətɪv/
📘 词性：形容词 (adjective)
🔹 一、Oxford 定义
connected with organizing the work of a company, institution, or government
📘 中文释义：
行政的；管理的；经营的
📘 例句：
She has an administrative position in the company. 她在公司担任行政职务。 The job requires strong administrative skills. 这份工作需要很强的行政管理能力。 The country is divided into several administrative regions. 该国被划分为若干行政区。
📘 典型搭配：
administrative staff / officer / duties / system administrative costs / structure / reforms / efficiency
📘 同义词：managerial, executive, bureaucratic
🔹 二、派生关系（Word Family Tree）
单词
词性
中文释义
示例
administer
v.
管理；执行；施用
The nurse administered the vaccine.
administration
n.
管理；行政；政府
The Biden administration introduced reforms.
administrative
adj.
行政的；管理的
She works in the administrative office.
administrator
n.
管理员；行政官
The system administrator updated the database.
🔹 三、雅思高分用法（IELTS Focus）
📘 IELTS Writing Task 2 示例句：
Effective administration is essential for public welfare. Governments must improve administrative efficiency to reduce corruption. Universities should simplify their administrative procedures for international students. The current administration has introduced several environmental reforms.
📘 IELTS Speaking 示例：
“I work as an administrative assistant in a small company.” “The new administration brought many policy changes.”
🔹 四、同义词辨析（Synonyms Comparison）
单词
含义
适用场合
administer
管理 / 执行 / 施用
行为动词，指“做管理的事”
manage
管理 / 经营
通用动词，可用于人或事
govern
治理 / 统治
用于国家或机构层面
supervise
监督
强调“监管”
organize
组织
指结构化地安排事务
📘 例句对比：
The principal administers the school.（正式，偏公务用语） The principal manages the school.（普通表达） The government governs the country.（政治）
🔹 五、总结表（Summary Table）
单词
词性
中文释义
常见搭配
administer
v.
管理；执行；施行
administer justice / medicine / policy
administration
n.
管理；政府；施行
efficient administration / the Biden administration
administrative
adj.
行政的；管理的
administrative duties / staff / system
🏆 高分例句总结
1️⃣ The local council administers public housing programs.
2️⃣ The administration of justice should be impartial and transparent.
3️⃣ The university’s administrative system is being reformed.
4️⃣ The current administration faces major economic challenges.
5️⃣ Nurses administered the vaccine to thousands of patients.
🟩 admit
📘 音标：/ədˈmɪt/
📘 词性：动词 (verb)
📘 词源：拉丁语 admittere（“让……进入” → ad “to” + mittere “send”）
👉 从“允许进入” → “承认” → “准许加入”的语义演变。
🟦 一、核心含义（Oxford 定义）
1️⃣ 承认；招认（to agree that something is true or that you have done something wrong）
to agree, often unwillingly, that something is true or that you have done something wrong
📘 中文释义：
承认（错误、事实、过失等）；供认；招认
📘 例句：
He admitted his mistake. 他承认了自己的错误。 She admitted stealing the money. 她承认偷了那笔钱。 I hate to admit it, but you were right. 我不愿意承认，但你是对的。 He admitted (that) he had lied. 他承认自己撒了谎。
📘 语气特点：
常带有 勉强、不情愿（reluctant） 的语感。
📘 常见搭配：
admit a mistake / guilt / fault / defeat / responsibility admit doing sth / admit (that) …
📘 同义词：
confess, acknowledge, accept, concede
2️⃣ 允许进入；接纳（to allow somebody/something to enter a place）
to allow someone or something to enter a place
📘 中文释义：
允许进入；准许加入；接纳（组织、学校等）
📘 例句：
Children are not admitted without an adult. 没有大人陪同，儿童不得入内。 The club admits members over 21 only. 这个俱乐部只接收21岁以上的会员。 He was admitted to Harvard University. 他被哈佛大学录取。 She was admitted to hospital with a high fever. 她因高烧被送进医院。
📘 常见搭配：
admit sb to a place / school / hospital / organization be admitted to（被允许进入 / 被录取）
3️⃣ 容许；允许进入（某空间、场所、情况）（to allow the possibility of something）
to allow something to be true, possible, or considered
📘 中文释义：
容许；容纳；允许（某种情况发生）
📘 例句：
The hall can admit up to 500 people. 这个大厅可容纳多达500人。 The facts admit of no other explanation. (formal) 这些事实不容别的解释。
🟦 二、语法与结构（Grammar Notes）
结构
含义
示例
admit (that) + 从句
承认某事
He admitted that he was wrong.
admit doing sth
承认做过某事
She admitted taking the money.
admit sb/sth (to sth)
允许进入
He was admitted to hospital.
be admitted to + 地点 / 学校
被接纳、被录取
She was admitted to Oxford.
📘 注意：
❌ admit to do sth（错误）
✅ admit doing sth / admit to doing sth（正确）
🟦 三、常见搭配（Collocations）
搭配
示例句
admit a crime / guilt / mistake / fault / defeat
He finally admitted his guilt.
admit to hospital / university / club
She was admitted to hospital yesterday.
admit evidence / students / members
The school admits 100 students each year.
admit freely / frankly / publicly / reluctantly
She reluctantly admitted her error.
🟦 四、常见错误（Common Mistakes）
错误句
正确句
说明
❌ He admitted to steal the money.
✅ He admitted stealing the money.
“admit” 后接动名词，不接不定式。
❌ She admitted that to be true.
✅ She admitted that it was true.
从句要完整。
❌ He was admitted in hospital.
✅ He was admitted to hospital.
“admit to” 表示被接纳进入。
🟦 五、同义词比较（Synonym Comparison）
单词
含义
区别
admit
承认（通常不情愿）
强调勉强承认事实
confess
坦白（通常涉及罪行或错误）
含“认罪”语气
acknowledge
承认事实（中性）
可正式、客观使用
concede
承认失败或争论中的对方观点
常用于辩论或政治语境
accept
接受（结果、事实或提议）
强调心理接受而非承认错误
📘 例句对比：
He admitted lying.（他承认撒了谎） He confessed to the crime.（他坦白了罪行） She acknowledged the importance of teamwork.（她承认团队合作的重要性） The party conceded defeat.（该政党承认失败）
🟦 六、派生词与词族（Word Family）
单词
词性
中文释义
示例
admit
v.
承认；准许进入
He admitted stealing the money.
admission
n.
承认；准许进入；入场费；录取
His admission to the school was a big achievement.
admissible
adj.
可接受的；（法庭上）可采纳的
Such evidence is not admissible in court.
🟦 七、雅思与学术用法（IELTS / Academic Usage）
📘 IELTS Writing Task 2 高分句型：
The government must admit its responsibility for environmental damage. 政府必须承认其对环境破坏的责任。 Many universities admit international students based on their English proficiency. 许多大学根据英语能力录取国际学生。 It is widely admitted that education plays a vital role in social progress. 人们普遍承认教育在社会进步中起着至关重要的作用。
📘 IELTS Speaking 常用表达：
“I have to admit, I’m not very good at cooking.” “I must admit that I used to be lazy at school.” “It’s generally admitted that health is more important than wealth.”
🟦 八、固定短语（Phrases & Expressions）
短语
含义
示例
admit of sth (formal)
容许，允许（某种解释）
The situation admits of no delay.
admit to doing sth
承认做过某事
She admitted to breaking the rule.
be admitted to hospital
被送入医院
He was admitted to hospital last night.
admit defeat
承认失败
Eventually, he had to admit defeat.
🟦 九、总结表（Summary Table）
项目
内容
词性
动词 (vt / vi)
音标
/ədˈmɪt/
核心含义
承认；允许进入；接纳
语法结构
admit (that) / admit doing / admit sb to sth
同义词
confess, acknowledge, accept, concede
派生词
admission, admissible
常见短语
admit to hospital / admit defeat / admit of sth
🏆 高分例句汇总
1️⃣ He finally admitted that he had been wrong.
2️⃣ She admitted taking the money from the drawer.
3️⃣ Children are not admitted without an adult.
4️⃣ He was admitted to Oxford after passing the exam.
5️⃣ The company admitted responsibility for the accident.
6️⃣ The facts admit of no alternative explanation.
🟩 admittedly
📘 音标：/ədˈmɪtɪdli/
📘 词性：副词 (adverb)
📘 词源：派生自动词 admit（承认） + 副词后缀 -ly，原义为 “被承认地” → “不可否认地”。
🟦 一、核心释义（Oxford 定义）
used, especially at the beginning of a sentence, when you are admitting that something is true
📘 中文释义：
（尤用于句首）诚然；无可否认地；不可否认地；的确
表示说话者承认某一事实属实，通常用于引出一个让步状语（即“虽然……但……”结构）。
🟦 二、典型例句（Examples）
1️⃣ Admittedly, the plan has its flaws, but it’s still the best option available.
诚然，这个计划有缺陷，但它仍是目前最好的选择。
2️⃣ Admittedly, she is not the most qualified candidate, yet she has valuable experience.
不可否认，她不是最有资格的候选人，但她经验丰富。
3️⃣ It is admittedly a difficult problem to solve.
这无疑是一个难以解决的问题。
4️⃣ Admittedly, the experiment failed to produce the expected results.
诚然，这次实验未能产生预期结果。
🟦 三、用法说明（Usage Notes）
📘 语法位置：
常位于句首，用逗号隔开。 也可放在动词前或句中（正式书面语）。
📘 常见句式结构：
句式
含义
示例
Admittedly + 子句, but …
承认某事实，但……
Admittedly, it’s expensive, but it’s worth it.
It is admittedly + adj. / n.
不可否认……
It is admittedly a complex issue.
Admittedly + 动词 / 副词短语
诚然……
Admittedly difficult to achieve.
📘 语气特征：
表示让步（admitting a limitation before presenting a counterpoint）。 常用于学术写作、正式论述、辩论等场合。
🟦 四、常见搭配（Collocations）
搭配
示例
admittedly true / difficult / limited / flawed / important
Admittedly difficult to prove.
admittedly + but/yet
Admittedly, it was a mistake, yet it was an honest one.
it is admittedly the case that …
It is admittedly the case that the evidence is incomplete.
🟦 五、同义词与语义比较（Synonyms & Differences）
词汇
含义
语气区别
admittedly
诚然；无可否认地
常用于让步句，较正式
undeniably
不可否认地
更加强调事实确凿
granted
固然；的确
语气更口语化，用于转折
indeed
的确；确实
可用于强调前述内容，而非让步
certainly
当然；无疑
表达肯定，而非承认弱点
📘 对比示例：
Admittedly, the method is slow, but it is reliable. Undeniably, the method is slow.（强调事实） Granted, the method is slow, but we have no better choice.（较口语）
🟦 六、学术用法（IELTS / Academic Writing）
📘 常用于让步段（concession clauses），在雅思写作和学术论文中十分高频，用于承认反方观点后转折。
📖 雅思写作范例：
Admittedly, globalization has led to some cultural loss; however, it has also promoted mutual understanding among nations. 诚然，全球化导致了一定的文化流失，但同时也促进了各国的相互理解。 Admittedly, online learning is less interactive, yet it provides greater flexibility and accessibility. 诚然，网络学习的互动性较弱，但它提供了更大的灵活性与可及性。 It is admittedly true that urban life is stressful, but it also offers more opportunities. 无可否认，城市生活压力大，但也提供了更多机会。
🟦 七、常见错误（Common Mistakes）
错误用法
正确用法
说明
❌ Admitly, the theory is complex.
✅ Admittedly, the theory is complex.
不能误写为 admitly（不存在此词）。
❌ Admittedly but it is true.
✅ Admittedly, it is true, but…
不能省略主句结构。
❌ Admittedly of course it is right.
✅ Admittedly, it is right.
不与 of course 并用，语义重复。
🟦 八、语法拓展（Word Family）
词汇
词性
含义
示例
admit
v.
承认；允许进入
He admitted his mistake.
admission
n.
承认；录取；入场许可
His admission shocked everyone.
admissible
adj.
可接受的（尤指法律上）
The evidence was not admissible.
admittedly
adv.
诚然；无可否认地
Admittedly, he made a serious error.
🟦 九、总结表（Summary Table）
项目
内容
词性
副词 (adverb)
音标
/ədˈmɪtɪdli/
核心含义
诚然；无可否认地（用于承认某一事实）
语法位置
常置于句首，引导让步句
同义词
admittedly = undeniably = granted (口语)
常用结构
Admittedly, … but … / It is admittedly true that …
学术用途
IELTS Writing Task 2 让步句开头，论文中用于 concession
🏆 高分例句汇总
1️⃣ Admittedly, the new policy is expensive, but it will benefit society in the long run.
2️⃣ Admittedly, her performance was below expectations.
3️⃣ It is admittedly true that education reform takes time.
4️⃣ Admittedly, there are risks, yet they can be managed.
5️⃣ The project, admittedly, failed to meet its objectives.
🟩 adolescence
📘 音标：/ˌædəˈlesns/
📘 词性：名词 (noun) [U]
📘 词源：来自拉丁语 adolescere（“成长，发育”）→ adolescens（年轻人）。
👉 核心语义：“从儿童到成年之间的成长阶段”。
🟦 一、核心释义（Oxford 定义）
the period of time in a person’s life when they develop from a child into an adult
📘 中文释义：
青春期；青少年时期
指一个人从儿童到成年之间的生理、心理和社会过渡阶段。
📘 语法说明：
不可数名词（[U]） 通常指 13 至 19 岁左右 的阶段。 与 puberty（性成熟期） 含义接近，但 adolescence 更强调心理与社会发展。
🟦 二、典型例句（Examples）
1️⃣ Children go through many emotional changes during adolescence.
孩子们在青春期会经历许多情绪变化。
2️⃣ Adolescence is often seen as a time of both challenge and discovery.
青春期通常被视为一个充满挑战与自我发现的时期。
3️⃣ He suffered from depression throughout his adolescence.
他整个青春期都饱受抑郁困扰。
4️⃣ Parent–child relationships can be difficult during adolescence.
青春期时，亲子关系可能变得紧张。
🟦 三、学术定义（Academic / Psychological Definition）
📘 在心理学与社会学领域，
adolescence 指人类从大约 10–19 岁 的发展阶段，
包括三个方面的成熟过程：
维度
描述
生理（Physical）
身体发育、第二性征出现、身高体重快速增长。
心理（Psychological）
自我认同、自尊、独立意识增强。
社会（Social）
社会角色转变、与家庭及同伴关系变化。
📘 学术用法（formal）：
“Adolescence marks the transition between childhood dependence and adult independence.”
青春期标志着从儿童依赖到成人独立的过渡。
🟦 四、常见搭配（Collocations）
搭配
示例句
during adolescence
Teens experience rapid changes during adolescence.
in adolescence
She became more confident in adolescence.
throughout adolescence
He struggled with anxiety throughout adolescence.
adolescence and adulthood
The study compares adolescence and adulthood.
early / late adolescence
Early adolescence is marked by identity exploration.
🟦 五、同义与相关词（Synonyms & Related Terms）
词汇
含义
区别
adolescence
青春期（心理与社会层面）
强调成长阶段整体
puberty
青春发育期（生理层面）
更偏医学、生理学
teenage years
青少年时期（口语）
非正式表达
youth
青年（泛指年轻阶段）
可包括青年早期
📘 例句比较：
Puberty begins earlier than adolescence. 生理青春期通常早于心理青春期。 Adolescence involves both physical and emotional changes. 青春期包含身体与情感的双重变化。
🟦 六、常见语法（Grammar Patterns）
用法
示例
说明
in/during adolescence
She felt lonely during adolescence.
最常见介词结构
throughout adolescence
The habit continued throughout adolescence.
表示“贯穿整个青春期”
from childhood to adolescence
He changed a lot from childhood to adolescence.
表示成长过程
🟦 七、派生词与词族（Word Family）
单词
词性
含义
示例
adolescent
n. / adj.
青少年；青春期的
an adolescent boy（一个青春期男孩）
adolescence
n.
青春期
during adolescence
adolescently (罕见)
adv.
像青少年的
He behaved adolescently.
🟦 八、雅思写作与学术用法（IELTS / Academic Usage）
📘 常出现在教育、心理、家庭、社会类作文中，尤其是以下主题：
教育影响 (education influence) 心理健康 (mental health) 青少年犯罪 (juvenile delinquency) 家庭与成长 (family relationship)
📘 高分句型示例：
1️⃣ Adolescence is a critical stage in shaping an individual’s personality and values.
青春期是塑造个人性格与价值观的关键阶段。
2️⃣ Many behavioural problems originate during adolescence due to peer pressure.
许多行为问题源于青春期的同伴压力。
3️⃣ Parental guidance plays a vital role during adolescence.
父母的引导在青春期至关重要。
4️⃣ It is widely recognised that adolescence is a time of identity exploration and emotional turbulence.
人们普遍认为，青春期是自我认同探索与情绪波动的时期。
🟦 九、固定表达（Phrases & Expressions）
表达
含义
示例
in early adolescence
在青春早期
In early adolescence, teenagers start to seek independence.
in late adolescence
在青春晚期
In late adolescence, young people often develop long-term goals.
adolescence and adulthood
青春期与成年期
The research compares brain development in adolescence and adulthood.
prolonged adolescence
延长的青春期
Some sociologists argue that modern life has led to prolonged adolescence.
🟦 十、总结表（Summary Table）
项目
内容
词性
名词 [U]
音标
/ˌædəˈlesns/
核心义
从儿童向成人过渡的阶段（青春期）
搭配
during/in/throughout adolescence
同义词
puberty, teenage years, youth
派生词
adolescent (adj/n.)
学术主题
教育、心理、社会发展、身份认同
🏆 高分例句汇总
1️⃣ Adolescence is a crucial period of emotional and cognitive growth.
2️⃣ Many mental health issues first appear in adolescence.
3️⃣ Teenagers often struggle for independence during adolescence.
4️⃣ Adolescence bridges the gap between childhood and adulthood.
5️⃣ Parental communication is vital throughout adolescence.
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