🟩 adopt
📘 音标：/əˈdɒpt/（英） /əˈdɑːpt/（美）
📘 词性：动词 (verb) [T]
📘 词源：源自拉丁语 adoptare（收为己有，接受），由 ad-（to）+ optare（选择、愿望）组成。
👉 核心含义是“选择并使之成为自己的”。
🟦 一、核心释义（Oxford 定义）
1️⃣ 收养（to take somebody else’s child into your family and become its legal parent）
📘 中文释义：
收养；领养
📘 例句：
They decided to adopt a child from an orphanage. 他们决定从孤儿院收养一个孩子。 She was adopted when she was two years old. 她两岁时被收养。 The couple are unable to have children of their own and are hoping to adopt. 这对夫妻无法生育，正希望收养一个孩子。
📘 语法结构：
adopt sb (as one’s child) be adopted by sb（被收养）
2️⃣ 采用；采纳（to start to use a particular method, policy, or attitude）
📘 中文释义：
采用（方法、政策等）；采纳（建议、态度等）
📘 例句：
The company has adopted a new marketing strategy. 公司采用了一种新的营销策略。 Schools should adopt more flexible teaching methods. 学校应采用更灵活的教学方法。 The government decided to adopt a tough stance on crime. 政府决定对犯罪采取强硬立场。
📘 常见搭配：
adopt a policy / strategy / approach / system / attitude / measure / rule / method adopt reforms / standards / guidelines
📘 学术写作常用表达：
“Many countries have adopted stricter environmental policies to reduce carbon emissions.”
“The model adopts a data-driven approach.”
3️⃣ 通过；批准（to formally accept a proposal, law, or decision）
📘 中文释义：
正式通过（提案、法律等）
📘 例句：
The UN General Assembly adopted the resolution unanimously. 联合国大会一致通过了该决议。 The committee adopted the new rules after much discussion. 委员会经过讨论后通过了新规则。
📘 常见搭配：
adopt a resolution / proposal / constitution / law / declaration
4️⃣ 选定（某国、语言、习俗等）；接受为己有
to choose to use a particular name, nationality, or lifestyle
📘 中文释义：
选择（国籍、语言、生活方式等）
📘 例句：
After living in France for years, he adopted French citizenship. 他在法国生活多年后入了法国籍。 Many immigrants adopt local customs and traditions. 许多移民会采纳当地的风俗习惯。 She adopted a professional tone during the meeting. 她在会议上采用了专业的语气。
🟦 二、语法结构（Grammar Patterns）
结构
示例
含义
adopt sb
They adopted an orphan.
收养某人
adopt sth
The company adopted a new policy.
采用某事物
adopt sb as sth
They adopted him as their heir.
收为继承人
be adopted by sb
She was adopted by a British couple.
被某人收养
🟦 三、常见搭配（Collocations）
搭配
示例
adopt a child / baby / orphan
The couple decided to adopt a baby girl.
adopt a policy / strategy / approach / plan
The government adopted a new energy policy.
adopt a law / rule / constitution / resolution
The parliament adopted the new law.
adopt an attitude / tone / position / point of view
She adopted a friendly tone.
adopt technology / system / method
The school adopted a new online learning system.
🟦 四、常见错误（Common Mistakes）
错误句
正确句
说明
❌ The company adapt a new policy.
✅ The company adopted a new policy.
adopt（采纳），adapt（调整）不要混淆。
❌ They adopted to a new environment.
✅ They adapted to a new environment.
adopt 不接 “to”，adapt 才表示“适应”。
❌ He was adopted to a family.
✅ He was adopted by a family.
被动搭配要用 “by”。
🟦 五、同义词比较（Synonym Comparison）
单词
含义
区别
adopt
采纳、收养、正式接受
强调“选取并使之为己有”
accept
接受某种事实或提议
强调同意或承认
adapt
适应、调整
强调对环境的改变以适应
assume
承担、假定
在语气上更正式，表示承担角色或责任
embrace
欣然接受
语气积极，带有热情接纳意味
📘 例句对比：
The company adopted a new strategy.（采纳） The company adapted to the new market.（适应） The manager accepted the proposal.（接受） The government embraced the new technology.（热情采用）
🟦 六、派生词与词族（Word Family）
单词
词性
中文释义
示例
adopt
v.
收养；采用；通过
The school adopted a new rule.
adoption
n.
收养；采用；采纳
The adoption of renewable energy is vital.
adoptive
adj.
收养的；养父母的
His adoptive parents raised him well.
adopter
n.
采用者；领养人
Early adopters of new technology are often innovators.
🟦 七、雅思与学术写作用法（IELTS / Academic Usage）
📘 高频主题：
政策（policy） 科技与创新（technology, innovation） 环境（environmental protection） 教育改革（education reform） 社会问题（family, child welfare）
📘 雅思写作高分句型：
1️⃣ Many countries have adopted stricter environmental laws to combat pollution.
2️⃣ Schools should adopt a student-centred approach to education.
3️⃣ The United Nations has adopted a resolution on climate change.
4️⃣ In order to survive in global markets, firms must adopt innovative strategies.
5️⃣ Families who cannot have children naturally often choose to adopt.
🟦 八、固定表达（Phrases & Expressions）
表达
含义
示例
adopt a policy/measure
采取政策/措施
The city adopted strict traffic rules.
adopt a stance/attitude
采取立场/态度
He adopted a neutral stance.
adopt a child
收养孩子
They adopted a baby girl.
adopt an approach / system
采用方法/体系
The company adopted a flexible approach.
adopt a name / lifestyle / nationality
选择名字/生活方式/国籍
She adopted a vegetarian lifestyle.
🟦 九、总结表（Summary Table）
项目
内容
词性
动词 (vt)
音标
/əˈdɒpt/
核心义
收养；采用；正式通过；接受（为己有）
常见搭配
adopt a policy / approach / child / law / attitude
反义词
reject, abandon
同义词
accept, embrace, assume, implement
派生词
adoption, adoptive, adopter
雅思领域
政治、教育、社会、科技、环境
🏆 高分例句汇总
1️⃣ The government has adopted a series of reforms to improve healthcare.
2️⃣ After years of infertility, they decided to adopt a child.
3️⃣ Companies must adopt more sustainable business practices.
4️⃣ The proposal was adopted by the committee.
5️⃣ Many immigrants quickly adopt the customs of their new country.
🟩 adore
📘 音标：/əˈdɔː(r)/（英） /əˈdɔːr/（美）
📘 词性：动词 (verb) [T not usually in progressive]
📘 词源：源自拉丁语 adorare（崇拜、敬爱），由 ad-（向）+ orare（祈祷）组成。
👉 核心含义是“深深地爱、崇敬、极喜欢”。
🟦 一、核心释义（Oxford 定义）
1️⃣ 爱慕；喜爱（to love somebody very much）
📘 中文释义：
非常喜爱；热爱；崇拜（某人）
📘 例句：
She absolutely adores her children. 她非常疼爱她的孩子们。 He adores his wife. 他非常爱他的妻子。 They’re a lovely couple who clearly adore each other. 他们是一对非常恩爱的夫妻。
📘 语气说明：
比 love 更强烈、更感性；带有深深的敬慕或宠溺感。
💡 “adore” = “love deeply and fondly”
📘 语法提示：
通常不用于进行时（❌ I’m adoring you），因为表示一种长期的情感状态。
2️⃣ （非正式）非常喜欢（某物/做某事）
to like something very much
📘 中文释义：
非常喜欢；极其享受（某物或活动）
📘 例句：
I simply adore chocolate. 🍫 我就是太喜欢巧克力了。 She adores reading romantic novels. 她特别喜欢看浪漫小说。 He adores going to the theatre. 他非常喜欢看戏。
📘 语体说明：
口语和书面语皆可用，但多用于感情色彩较强的语境。
比 like 更热情；比 love 更优雅、轻柔。
3️⃣ 崇拜；敬慕（to worship somebody as a god）
📘 中文释义：
崇拜（神灵）；敬奉
📘 例句：
The ancient Egyptians adored many gods and goddesses. 古埃及人崇拜许多神祇。 Christians adore God through prayer and song. 基督徒通过祈祷和歌唱来崇敬上帝。
📘 语体说明：
此义较正式或宗教语境中使用。
🟦 二、常见搭配（Collocations）
搭配
示例
adore sb/sth
She adores her grandchildren.
adore doing sth
He adores cooking for his family.
absolutely / really / simply adore
I absolutely adore your dress!
adore the way sb does sth
I adore the way she smiles.
be adored by sb
He’s adored by millions of fans.
🟦 三、派生词与词族（Word Family）
单词
词性
中文释义
示例
adore
v.
爱慕；崇拜
She adores her pets.
adorable
adj.
可爱的；惹人喜爱的
What an adorable puppy!
adoration
n.
敬爱；崇拜；爱慕
The child looked at her father in adoration.
adorer
n.
崇拜者；爱慕者
He has many secret adorers.
🟦 四、同义词辨析（Synonym Comparison）
单词
含义
语气与区别
love
爱；喜欢
最常用，感情色彩可强可弱。
like
喜欢
最中性，感情不强。
adore
深深爱慕；极喜欢
比 love 更柔和但更浓烈，常带“可爱、宠爱”的感情。
worship
崇拜；敬奉
强调宗教性或极度崇敬。
admire
钦佩；仰慕
带有尊重的理性感。
📘 例句对比：
I like coffee.（我喜欢咖啡。） I love coffee.（我很喜欢咖啡。） I adore coffee.（我太喜欢咖啡了！） She admired her teacher.（她钦佩她的老师。） The villagers worshipped the mountain god.（村民们崇拜山神。）
🟦 五、语法结构（Grammar Patterns）
结构
示例
说明
adore sb/sth
He adores his kids.
宾语是人或物
adore doing sth
She adores dancing.
动名词作宾语
be adored by sb
He is adored by his fans.
被动结构
adore the way sb does sth
I adore the way you laugh.
特殊宾语结构
🟦 六、常见固定表达（Phrases）
表达
含义
示例
adore sb to bits (informal)
非常宠爱某人
She adores her little boy to bits.
absolutely adore sth/sb
特别喜欢
I absolutely adore Paris.
adore doing sth
喜欢做某事
I adore spending time with friends.
🟦 七、雅思 & 学术英语用法（IELTS / Academic）
📘 话题适用：
家庭与人际关系（family & relationship） 艺术与文化（arts & aesthetics） 宗教与信仰（religion）
📘 雅思高分句型：
1️⃣ Many people adore their pets as family members.
许多人把宠物视为家庭成员般宠爱。
2️⃣ Children naturally adore their parents and seek their approval.
孩子天生崇拜父母，渴望得到认可。
3️⃣ The painter was adored by critics for his originality.
这位画家的原创性受到评论家的热爱与推崇。
4️⃣ Tourists adore the city for its history and beauty.
游客因这座城市的历史与美丽而钟爱它。
5️⃣ She adores helping others, which makes her a great volunteer.
她热爱帮助别人，这使她成为一名优秀的志愿者。
🟦 八、常用错误（Common Mistakes）
错误句
正确句
说明
❌ I’m adoring my new phone.
✅ I adore my new phone.
adore 不用于进行时。
❌ She adores to dance.
✅ She adores dancing.
adore 后接动名词，不接不定式。
❌ He adored to his parents.
✅ He adored his parents.
adore 不加介词 “to”。
🟦 九、总结表（Summary Table）
项目
内容
词性
动词 (vt)
音标
/əˈdɔː(r)/
核心义
爱慕；喜爱；崇拜
语气强度
adore ＞ love ＞ like
常用结构
adore sb / adore doing sth / be adored by sb
派生词
adorable, adoration, adorer
反义词
despise, dislike, hate
常见领域
家庭情感、宗教信仰、艺术欣赏、日常表达
🏆 高分例句汇总
1️⃣ She adores her grandparents and visits them every weekend.
2️⃣ I adore spending quiet evenings with a good book.
3️⃣ The artist was adored by the public for his creativity.
4️⃣ The little girl looked up at her father with adoration.
5️⃣ What an adorable kitten — it’s so tiny and cute!
🟩 adorn
📘 音标：/əˈdɔːn/（英） /əˈdɔːrn/（美）
📘 词性：动词 (verb) [T, usually passive]
📘 词源：来自拉丁语 adornare（装饰、修饰），由 ad-（to）+ ornare（装饰）组成。
👉 核心含义是 “使……更美丽；装饰；点缀”。
🟦 一、核心释义（Oxford 定义）
1️⃣ 装饰；点缀；使生色
to make something/somebody look more attractive by decorating it or them
📘 中文释义：
装饰；使增色；点缀
📘 例句：
The walls were adorned with paintings and tapestries. 墙上装饰着画作和挂毯。 Flowers adorned the bride’s hair. 鲜花点缀着新娘的头发。 His study was adorned with antique furniture. 他的书房陈设着古董家具。 The palace is richly adorned with gold and marble. 宫殿以黄金和大理石富丽装饰。
📘 语法结构：
be adorned with sth — “用……装饰” adorn sth (with sth) — “用……来装饰某物”
📘 语体说明：
较正式（formal），常用于文学、艺术、建筑、宗教或学术写作中。
比 decorate 更文雅，语气更具有“美化”或“荣耀”意味。
2️⃣ （文学用法）使增添荣誉；使光彩
(literary) to add beauty, honor, or distinction to something
📘 中文释义：
使增光；使生辉
📘 例句：
Her achievements adorn the history of modern science. 她的成就为现代科学史增添了光彩。 The crown that adorns the monarch’s head symbolizes power. 装饰在君主头上的王冠象征着权力。
🟦 二、语法结构（Grammar Patterns）
结构
示例
含义
adorn sth (with sth)
They adorned the hall with flowers.
用某物装饰某处
be adorned with sth
The walls were adorned with silk tapestries.
被某物装饰
adorn sb/sth
Jewels adorned her neck.
修饰某人或物
🟦 三、常见搭配（Collocations）
搭配
示例
be adorned with jewels / flowers / ribbons / gold / pearls / lights / silk
The dress was adorned with pearls.
adorn the walls / the hall / the temple / the bride / the altar / the book cover
The altar was adorned with candles.
richly / beautifully / elegantly adorned
The church was beautifully adorned for the festival.
adorn sb’s head / hair / neck / hand
A tiara adorned her head.
🟦 四、派生词与词族（Word Family）
单词
词性
中文释义
示例
adorn
v.
装饰；点缀；美化
The hall was adorned with banners.
adornment
n.
装饰品；装饰；点缀
The room had little adornment.
adorned
adj.
被装饰的；美化的
A beautifully adorned chapel.
adorner (罕见)
n.
装饰者
The artist was the main adorner of the palace.
🟦 五、同义词辨析（Synonym Comparison）
单词
含义
区别
adorn
装饰使更美（文雅）
强调“增加美感或荣耀”
decorate
装饰（最常用）
泛指任何装饰行为，语气中性
embellish
美化；润饰（细节上）
多指使某物更吸引、华丽
ornament
装饰（正式/文学）
强调外在装饰物或艺术装饰
garnish
（食物）点缀
特指“菜肴装饰”
enhance
提升（抽象品质）
指增强美感、价值或效果
📘 例句对比：
They adorned the hall with flowers.（文雅、正式） They decorated the hall with balloons.（普通场合） The speech was embellished with poetic language.（润饰文字） The chef garnished the dish with parsley.（烹饪）
🟦 六、雅思与学术英语用法（IELTS / Academic）
📘 常见主题：
建筑与文化遗产（architecture, heritage） 艺术与设计（art, aesthetics） 宗教与仪式（religion, ceremony） 科学与成就（honour, contribution）
📘 雅思写作高分句型：
1️⃣ The ancient temple was beautifully adorned with carvings and statues.
那座古庙被精美的雕刻与雕像所装饰。
2️⃣ The skyline is adorned by modern skyscrapers, symbolizing economic growth.
天际线被现代摩天大楼点缀，象征着经济繁荣。
3️⃣ Her dedication and wisdom adorn the history of education reform.
她的奉献与智慧为教育改革史增添光彩。
4️⃣ The festival streets were adorned with colorful lanterns.
节日期间街道上挂满了彩灯。
5️⃣ Many historical buildings are adorned with intricate mosaics.
许多历史建筑装饰着复杂的镶嵌图案。
🟦 七、常见错误（Common Mistakes）
错误句
正确句
说明
❌ The room adorned with flowers.
✅ The room was adorned with flowers.
常用被动语态。
❌ She adorned herself by jewellery.
✅ She adorned herself with jewellery.
介词应为 with。
❌ They decorated the city by flags.
✅ They adorned / decorated the city with flags.
统一介词用法。
🟦 八、文学用法（Literary Usage）
在文学作品中，adorn 常与“grace”“beauty”“virtue”等词搭配，表示“令……更高贵、更光辉”：
📘 例句：
“Virtue adorns the soul.” （美德使灵魂更美。） “Her name adorns the annals of history.” （她的名字为史册增光。）
🟦 九、总结表（Summary Table）
项目
内容
词性
动词 (vt)
音标
/əˈdɔːn/
核心义
装饰；点缀；使增色
常用结构
adorn sth (with sth) / be adorned with sth
语体
正式（formal, literary）
常用搭配
adorned with jewels / flowers / gold / ribbons
派生词
adornment, adorned
反义词
deface, disfigure, spoil
同义词
decorate, embellish, beautify
雅思应用领域
建筑、文化、艺术、仪式、成就类作文
🏆 高分例句汇总
1️⃣ The cathedral was richly adorned with stained glass and sculptures.
2️⃣ Her courage and kindness adorn her character.
3️⃣ The bride’s hair was adorned with white roses.
4️⃣ Traditional costumes adorned the dancers during the festival.
5️⃣ Scientific discoveries adorn the pages of human progress.
academic / IELTS 标准版完整词条：adult 👇
🟩 adult
📘 音标：
/ˈædʌlt/ 或 /əˈdʌlt/（英） /əˈdʌlt/（美）
📘 词性：名词 (noun)；形容词 (adjective)
📘 词源：源自拉丁语 adultus（成熟的、已长成的），是 adolescere（成长）之过去分词。
👉 核心含义：“已发育完全、成熟的人或事物”。
🟦 一、名词用法（noun）
adult [C] /ˈædʌlt/ — “成年人；成人动物”
1️⃣ 成年人（a fully grown person who is legally responsible for their actions）
📘 中文释义：
成年人；成人
📘 例句：
Children must be accompanied by an adult. 儿童必须有成人陪同。 Only adults are allowed to vote. 只有成年人有投票权。 She spent most of her adult life in London. 她成年后的大部分时间都住在伦敦。 He’s very mature for an adult of 20. 对一个 20 岁的成年人来说，他非常成熟。
📘 常见短语：
an adult male/female 成年男子／女子 an adult population 成年人口 an adult student 成年学生（即非青少年学生） adult education 成人教育
2️⃣ 成年动物（a fully grown animal）
📘 例句：
An adult lion can weigh over 200 kilograms. 一头成年的狮子体重可超过 200 公斤。
3️⃣ 成年阶段；成年期（the period in a person’s life after they have stopped being a child）
📘 例句：
Young people often find the transition to adulthood difficult. 年轻人往往觉得向成年的过渡很困难。
（→ 参见派生词 adulthood 下文）
🟦 二、形容词用法（adjective）
adult [adj.] — “成年的；成人的；成熟的”
1️⃣ 成年的（fully grown or developed）
📘 中文释义：
成年的；发育成熟的
📘 例句：
An adult elephant eats more than 200 kg of food a day. 一头成年的大象每天要吃 200 多公斤食物。 Few adult students return to full-time study. 很少有成年人会重返全日制学习。
2️⃣ 适合成年人的（intended for adults only, often because of sexual or violent content）
📘 中文释义：
成人的（含性或暴力内容）
📘 例句：
This film contains adult material. 这部影片含有成人内容。 The channel shows adult movies late at night. 该频道深夜播放成人电影。
📘 常见搭配：
adult film / magazine / website / content / entertainment / shop
3️⃣ 成熟的；理智的（behaving in a sensible and responsible way）
📘 中文释义：
成熟的；理智的
📘 例句：
It was very adult of you to apologize. 你能道歉说明你很成熟。 He made a very adult decision under pressure. 他在压力下做出了非常理智的决定。
🟦 三、派生词（Word Family）
单词
词性
中文释义
示例
adult
n./adj.
成年人；成年的
Only adults can vote.
adulthood
n.
成年期；成人阶段
She reached adulthood in the 1990s.
adultness (罕见)
n.
成熟；成人特质
His adultness impressed his teachers.
🟦 四、常见搭配（Collocations）
搭配
示例
adult education / literacy / training
The college offers adult education programs.
adult student / learner
Adult learners need flexible class hours.
adult content / movie / entertainment
The website blocks adult content.
adult population / workforce
The adult population is growing rapidly.
responsible / mature / independent adult
She became an independent adult at 18.
young adult
The book is aimed at young adults.
adult life / world / behavior
He found adult life stressful.
🟦 五、同义词辨析（Synonym Comparison）
单词
含义
语气区别
adult
成年人；成熟的
法律与生理意义上的“成人”
mature
成熟的
强调心理或智力成熟
grown-up
成人（口语）
常用于家庭或日常语气
elderly
年长的
特指老年人
senior
年长者；上级
正式语，常指退休或高职位
📘 例句对比：
He’s an adult now and must take responsibility.（客观地成年） She’s very mature for her age.（心理成熟） The grown-ups were talking in the living room.（口语）
🟦 六、常见短语（Phrases & Expressions）
表达
含义
示例
adult life
成年生活
Many young people struggle with adult life.
adult world
成人世界
Children often misunderstand the adult world.
adult responsibilities
成年人的责任
Paying bills is part of adult responsibilities.
adult education
成人教育
Adult education provides opportunities for lifelong learning.
adult content
成人内容
The site restricts access to adult content.
🟦 七、雅思与学术用法（IELTS / Academic）
📘 高频话题领域：
教育（education, lifelong learning） 社会结构（society, demography） 成熟与责任（maturity, responsibility）
📘 雅思写作高分例句：
1️⃣ Governments should invest more in adult education to improve job skills.
政府应更多投资于成人教育以提升职业技能。
2️⃣ Becoming an adult means taking responsibility for one’s actions.
成为成年人意味着要为自己的行为负责。
3️⃣ Adult literacy programs are essential for economic development.
成人扫盲项目对经济发展至关重要。
4️⃣ Many young adults find it hard to achieve financial independence.
许多年轻成年人难以实现经济独立。
5️⃣ Society should encourage adult learning as part of lifelong education.
社会应将成人学习视为终身教育的一部分。
🟦 八、常见错误（Common Mistakes）
错误句
正确句
说明
❌ The adults people are voting.
✅ Adults are voting.
adult 不与 people 并用。
❌ He is an adult person now.
✅ He is an adult now.
adult 已含 “人” 义。
❌ He is very adult.
✅ He is very mature.
形容人“成熟”多用 mature。
❌ Adult education means children learn.
✅ Adult education means adults learn.
语义混乱。
🟦 九、总结表（Summary Table）
项目
内容
词性
n. / adj.
音标
/ˈædʌlt/；/əˈdʌlt/
核心义
成年人；成年的；成熟的
派生词
adulthood
反义词
child, juvenile, minor
同义词
mature, grown-up
常见搭配
adult education, adult content, adult life, adult population
语体
正式与日常语均可用
🏆 高分例句汇总
1️⃣ Children must be accompanied by an adult at all times.
2️⃣ The museum offers discounts for adult learners.
3️⃣ Adult life requires independence and discipline.
4️⃣ The film contains adult content and is not suitable for children.
5️⃣ She reached adulthood with remarkable maturity.
🟩 advance / advanced / advantage / advantageous
🟦 1️⃣ advance
📘 音标：/ədˈvɑːns/（英）; /ədˈvæns/（美）
📘 词性：动词 (v.)；名词 (n.)；形容词 (adj.)
📘 词源：源自拉丁语 abante（前方），意为“向前移动”。
👉 核心含义：前进；推进；发展；预先。
(A) 动词 — v.
advance /ədˈvɑːns/
to move forward; to develop or improve
1️⃣ 前进；推进
📘 中文释义：
向前移动；使前进
📘 例句：
The troops advanced towards the enemy lines. 部队向敌军阵地推进。 Technology has advanced rapidly in recent years. 近年来科技迅速发展。
2️⃣ 促进；推动
📘 例句：
The research will advance our understanding of climate change. 该研究将促进我们对气候变化的理解。
3️⃣ 提前；预付
📘 例句：
Can you advance me £100 until Friday? 你能预先借我 100 英镑到星期五吗？ The meeting was advanced to Tuesday. 会议提前到星期二举行。
(B) 名词 — n.
advance [C/U] “进展；预付款；前进”
1️⃣ 进步；进展
📘 例句：
Scientific advances have improved human life. 科学的进步改善了人类生活。
2️⃣ 预付款
📘 例句：
I received an advance on my salary. 我领了部分预支工资。
3️⃣ 前进；前线推进
📘 例句：
The enemy’s advance was halted by heavy resistance. 敌军的推进被顽强抵抗阻止了。
(C) 形容词 — adj.
advance notice / payment / warning
📘 中文释义：
预先的；提前的
📘 例句：
You must give advance notice if you cancel. 若要取消必须提前通知。
(D) 雅思写作常用表达
Technological advances have revolutionized communication. Advances in medicine have extended life expectancy. Governments should advance sustainable energy policies.
🟦 2️⃣ advanced
📘 音标：/ədˈvɑːnst/（英）; /ədˈvænst/（美）
📘 词性：形容词 (adj.)
📘 词源：来自 advance 的过去分词形式。
👉 核心含义：先进的；高阶的；年长的；后期的。
1️⃣ 先进的；高等的
📘 中文释义：
在发展或技术上领先的
📘 例句：
Japan has one of the most advanced economies in the world. 日本拥有世界上最先进的经济体系之一。 Students can take advanced courses in engineering. 学生可以选修高阶工程课程。
2️⃣ （年龄）年迈的；（阶段）后期的
📘 例句：
He is in his advanced years. 他年事已高。 The disease was in an advanced stage. 疾病已进入晚期。
3️⃣ 高度发达的（智力/技能）
📘 例句：
The child shows advanced language skills for her age. 这个孩子的语言能力超前于同龄人。
✅ 常见搭配
搭配
示例
advanced technology / system / machinery
China is developing advanced AI systems.
advanced education / training / course
She took an advanced English course.
advanced age / stage / level
The patient was at an advanced stage of cancer.
🏆 雅思写作例句
Advanced technology plays a vital role in modern industry. Education systems should prepare students for advanced scientific research.
🟦 3️⃣ advantage
📘 音标：/ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/（英）; /ədˈvæntɪdʒ/（美）
📘 词性：名词 (n.)
📘 词源：来自古法语 avantage，意为“在前的地位”。
👉 核心含义：优势；好处；利益；有利条件。
1️⃣ 优势；有利条件
📘 中文释义：
某事物能带来更好结果的特征或条件
📘 例句：
Education gives people an advantage in the job market. 教育让人在就业市场中更具优势。 Tall players have an advantage in basketball. 高个子球员在篮球中占优势。
2️⃣ 好处；利益
📘 例句：
The new policy is to our advantage. 新政策对我们有利。 Taking public transport has environmental advantages. 乘坐公共交通具有环保好处。
3️⃣ （体育）“占先”
📘 例句：
He has the advantage in the game. 他在比赛中领先。
✅ 常见搭配
搭配
示例
have an advantage over sb.
She has an advantage over others.
gain / take / lose advantage
The team gained an advantage in the second half.
to the advantage of sb./sth.
This rule works to the advantage of small firms.
competitive advantage
Innovation creates a lasting competitive advantage.
🏆 雅思写作高频句
There are several advantages of studying abroad. The advantages outweigh the disadvantages. Access to the Internet gives students a great advantage.
🟦 4️⃣ advantageous
📘 音标：/ˌædvənˈteɪdʒəs/
📘 词性：形容词 (adj.)
📘 词源：由 advantage + 形容词后缀 -ous 派生。
👉 核心含义：有利的；有益的；有优势的。
1️⃣ 有利的；有助的
📘 中文释义：
对某人或某事有好处的
📘 例句：
It would be advantageous for you to learn another language. 学习另一种语言对你有好处。 The agreement proved advantageous to both sides. 该协议对双方都有利。
✅ 常见搭配
搭配
示例
advantageous position / terms / conditions
They negotiated from an advantageous position.
advantageous to sb/sth
A balanced diet is advantageous to your health.
economically / politically advantageous
Free trade is economically advantageous.
🏆 雅思高分表达
Renewable energy is advantageous for environmental protection. Studying abroad can be advantageous for personal development. It is advantageous to maintain global cooperation in science.
🟦 🧩 词族总结（Word Family）
单词
词性
中文释义
常见搭配 / 用法
advance
v./n./adj.
前进；发展；预付
technological advance; advance payment
advanced
adj.
先进的；高阶的；年迈的
advanced technology; advanced course
advantage
n.
优势；利益
have an advantage; competitive advantage
advantageous
adj.
有利的；有益的
advantageous to sb/sth
🟦 🏆 雅思写作高分模板句（汇总）
1️⃣ Technological advances have revolutionized communication.
2️⃣ Education gives individuals an advantage in career development.
3️⃣ Advanced countries should share technology with developing ones.
4️⃣ It would be advantageous for governments to invest in renewable energy.
5️⃣ Students who study abroad often gain an advantage in employment opportunities.
🟩 advance / advanced / advantage / advantageous
🟦 1️⃣ advance
📘 音标：/ədˈvɑːns/（英）; /ədˈvæns/（美）
📘 词性：动词 (v.)；名词 (n.)；形容词 (adj.)
📘 词源：源自拉丁语 abante（前方），意为“向前移动”。
👉 核心含义：前进；推进；发展；预先。
(A) 动词 — v.
advance /ədˈvɑːns/
to move forward; to develop or improve
1️⃣ 前进；推进
📘 中文释义：
向前移动；使前进
📘 例句：
The troops advanced towards the enemy lines. 部队向敌军阵地推进。 Technology has advanced rapidly in recent years. 近年来科技迅速发展。
2️⃣ 促进；推动
📘 例句：
The research will advance our understanding of climate change. 该研究将促进我们对气候变化的理解。
3️⃣ 提前；预付
📘 例句：
Can you advance me £100 until Friday? 你能预先借我 100 英镑到星期五吗？ The meeting was advanced to Tuesday. 会议提前到星期二举行。
(B) 名词 — n.
advance [C/U] “进展；预付款；前进”
1️⃣ 进步；进展
📘 例句：
Scientific advances have improved human life. 科学的进步改善了人类生活。
2️⃣ 预付款
📘 例句：
I received an advance on my salary. 我领了部分预支工资。
3️⃣ 前进；前线推进
📘 例句：
The enemy’s advance was halted by heavy resistance. 敌军的推进被顽强抵抗阻止了。
(C) 形容词 — adj.
advance notice / payment / warning
📘 中文释义：
预先的；提前的
📘 例句：
You must give advance notice if you cancel. 若要取消必须提前通知。
(D) 雅思写作常用表达
Technological advances have revolutionized communication. Advances in medicine have extended life expectancy. Governments should advance sustainable energy policies.
🟦 2️⃣ advanced
📘 音标：/ədˈvɑːnst/（英）; /ədˈvænst/（美）
📘 词性：形容词 (adj.)
📘 词源：来自 advance 的过去分词形式。
👉 核心含义：先进的；高阶的；年长的；后期的。
1️⃣ 先进的；高等的
📘 中文释义：
在发展或技术上领先的
📘 例句：
Japan has one of the most advanced economies in the world. 日本拥有世界上最先进的经济体系之一。 Students can take advanced courses in engineering. 学生可以选修高阶工程课程。
2️⃣ （年龄）年迈的；（阶段）后期的
📘 例句：
He is in his advanced years. 他年事已高。 The disease was in an advanced stage. 疾病已进入晚期。
3️⃣ 高度发达的（智力/技能）
📘 例句：
The child shows advanced language skills for her age. 这个孩子的语言能力超前于同龄人。
✅ 常见搭配
搭配
示例
advanced technology / system / machinery
China is developing advanced AI systems.
advanced education / training / course
She took an advanced English course.
advanced age / stage / level
The patient was at an advanced stage of cancer.
🏆 雅思写作例句
Advanced technology plays a vital role in modern industry. Education systems should prepare students for advanced scientific research.
🟦 3️⃣ advantage
📘 音标：/ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/（英）; /ədˈvæntɪdʒ/（美）
📘 词性：名词 (n.)
📘 词源：来自古法语 avantage，意为“在前的地位”。
👉 核心含义：优势；好处；利益；有利条件。
1️⃣ 优势；有利条件
📘 中文释义：
某事物能带来更好结果的特征或条件
📘 例句：
Education gives people an advantage in the job market. 教育让人在就业市场中更具优势。 Tall players have an advantage in basketball. 高个子球员在篮球中占优势。
2️⃣ 好处；利益
📘 例句：
The new policy is to our advantage. 新政策对我们有利。 Taking public transport has environmental advantages. 乘坐公共交通具有环保好处。
3️⃣ （体育）“占先”
📘 例句：
He has the advantage in the game. 他在比赛中领先。
✅ 常见搭配
搭配
示例
have an advantage over sb.
She has an advantage over others.
gain / take / lose advantage
The team gained an advantage in the second half.
to the advantage of sb./sth.
This rule works to the advantage of small firms.
competitive advantage
Innovation creates a lasting competitive advantage.
🏆 雅思写作高频句
There are several advantages of studying abroad. The advantages outweigh the disadvantages. Access to the Internet gives students a great advantage.
🟦 4️⃣ advantageous
📘 音标：/ˌædvənˈteɪdʒəs/
📘 词性：形容词 (adj.)
📘 词源：由 advantage + 形容词后缀 -ous 派生。
👉 核心含义：有利的；有益的；有优势的。
1️⃣ 有利的；有助的
📘 中文释义：
对某人或某事有好处的
📘 例句：
It would be advantageous for you to learn another language. 学习另一种语言对你有好处。 The agreement proved advantageous to both sides. 该协议对双方都有利。
✅ 常见搭配
搭配
示例
advantageous position / terms / conditions
They negotiated from an advantageous position.
advantageous to sb/sth
A balanced diet is advantageous to your health.
economically / politically advantageous
Free trade is economically advantageous.
🏆 雅思高分表达
Renewable energy is advantageous for environmental protection. Studying abroad can be advantageous for personal development. It is advantageous to maintain global cooperation in science.
🟦 🧩 词族总结（Word Family）
单词
词性
中文释义
常见搭配 / 用法
advance
v./n./adj.
前进；发展；预付
technological advance; advance payment
advanced
adj.
先进的；高阶的；年迈的
advanced technology; advanced course
advantage
n.
优势；利益
have an advantage; competitive advantage
advantageous
adj.
有利的；有益的
advantageous to sb/sth
🟦 🏆 雅思写作高分模板句（汇总）
1️⃣ Technological advances have revolutionized communication.
2️⃣ Education gives individuals an advantage in career development.
3️⃣ Advanced countries should share technology with developing ones.
4️⃣ It would be advantageous for governments to invest in renewable energy.
5️⃣ Students who study abroad often gain an advantage in employment opportunities.
🟩 adventure
📘 音标：/ədˈventʃə(r)/（英） /ədˈventʃər/（美）
📘 词性：名词 (n.)
📘 词源：来自中古法语 aventure（命运、奇遇），源于拉丁语 adventura，意为“即将发生的事”。
👉 核心含义： 一种令人兴奋、充满未知和风险的经历或活动。
🟦 一、名词用法 — noun
1️⃣ 冒险；奇遇；刺激的经历
an unusual, exciting, and possibly dangerous activity such as a journey or experience
📘 中文释义：
冒险；奇遇；刺激的经历；历险活动
📘 例句：
He had some exciting adventures in the Amazon jungle. 他在亚马孙丛林中经历了几次惊险的冒险。 Their trip to Africa was a real adventure. 他们的非洲之行是一场真正的历险。 She’s always looking for a new adventure. 她总是在寻找新的冒险。
📘 常见搭配：
搭配
示例
an exciting / dangerous / romantic adventure
They dreamed of a romantic adventure.
go on / have / seek an adventure
They went on an adventure holiday.
the spirit / sense of adventure
Children are full of the spirit of adventure.
a life full of adventure
He led a life full of adventure.
2️⃣ 冒险精神；冒险行为
a willingness to try new or difficult things
📘 中文释义：
冒险精神；探索欲望
📘 例句：
She has a great sense of adventure. 她有很强的冒险精神。 Life should be an adventure, not a routine. 生活应是一场冒险，而非机械重复。
3️⃣ （文学或影视作品中的）冒险故事 / 历险题材作品
📘 例句：
The movie is a thrilling adventure set in space. 这是一部以太空为背景的惊险冒险电影。 He loves reading adventures about pirates and explorers. 他喜欢读海盗和探险家的冒险小说。
🟦 二、常见短语与习语（Phrases & Idioms）
表达
含义
示例
go on an adventure
去探险，进行历险
They went on an adventure across the desert.
have an adventure
经历一场冒险
We had quite an adventure getting lost in the forest.
seek adventure
追求冒险
He left home to seek adventure abroad.
adventure tourism
探险旅游
Adventure tourism has become increasingly popular.
spirit/sense of adventure
冒险精神
A sense of adventure drives innovation.
🟦 三、相关派生词（Word Family）
单词
词性
中文释义
示例
adventure
n.
冒险；奇遇
She went on an adventure in Africa.
adventurer
n.
冒险者；探险家
He became a famous adventurer.
adventurous
adj.
爱冒险的；大胆创新的
She’s an adventurous traveler.
adventurously
adv.
冒险地；大胆地
They adventurously crossed the ocean.
🟦 四、语义辨析（Synonyms & Comparison）
单词
含义
语气区别
adventure
冒险、奇遇
中性，既可积极也可危险
expedition
探险、远征
正式、有计划的行动
journey
旅行
泛指任何形式的旅行
voyage
航海或航天旅行
更正式、更长途
quest
寻求（尤指长期目标）
常用于文学语境
📘 例句对比：
They went on an adventure in the jungle.（刺激而危险） The team went on a scientific expedition.（正式探险） Life is an adventure full of challenges.（隐喻）
🟦 五、搭配与语法用法（Collocations & Grammar）
类型
常见搭配
示例句
动词 + adventure
have / go on / experience / seek
He went on an adventure in the mountains.
形容词 + adventure
dangerous / exciting / romantic / thrilling
It was an exciting adventure.
介词短语
full of adventure
She dreamed of a life full of adventure.
抽象用法
the spirit of adventure
The company encourages a spirit of adventure among employees.
🟦 六、IELTS 学术用法（Academic & Writing Use）
📘 常见话题领域：
教育与人生（personal growth, challenge） 旅游与文化（travel, experience） 创新与探索（innovation, risk-taking）
📘 高分表达：
The spirit of adventure encourages people to explore the unknown. Travelling abroad provides young people with a sense of adventure and independence. Scientific progress often begins with the adventure of curiosity. Taking risks in business is part of the adventure of entrepreneurship.
🟦 七、常见错误（Common Mistakes）
错误句
正确句
说明
❌ He is an adventure man.
✅ He is an adventurous man.
形容人应使用形容词 adventurous。
❌ We went to an adventure.
✅ We went on an adventure.
固定搭配是 go on an adventure。
❌ She likes adventure things.
✅ She likes adventurous things.
名词 adventure 不作定语修饰物品。
🟦 八、同根词用法（Word Family in Sentences）
单词
词性
示例
adventure (n.)
Life is an adventure.
adventurer (n.)
Marco Polo was a great adventurer.
adventurous (adj.)
He’s an adventurous eater who loves trying new dishes.
adventurously (adv.)
They lived adventurously and freely.
🟦 九、总结表（Summary Table）
项目
内容
词性
名词 (n.)
音标
/ədˈventʃə(r)/
核心义
冒险；奇遇；探索精神
常见短语
go on an adventure; sense of adventure; adventure tourism
派生词
adventurer, adventurous, adventurously
同义词
expedition, journey, quest
雅思重点
personal growth; exploring new experiences
常见搭配
exciting/dangerous/romantic adventure
🏆 雅思写作高分示例句
1️⃣ Life without challenges is life without adventure.
2️⃣ Travelling abroad is an adventure that broadens young people’s horizons.
3️⃣ The spirit of adventure drives innovation and creativity.
4️⃣ Those who seek adventure are often the ones who make history.
5️⃣ In today’s world, taking calculated risks is part of the adventure of progress.
🟩 adverb
📘 音标：/ˈædvɜːb/（英） /ˈædvɜːrb/（美）
📘 词性：名词 (noun)
📘 词源：来自拉丁语 adverbium（由 ad- “加上” + verbum “动词”），字面义为“加在动词上的词”。
👉 核心含义： 修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子的词。
🟦 一、基本定义（Definition）
adverb [C] (语法 Grammar)
a word that adds more information about verb, adjective, another adverb, or a whole sentence.
📘 中文释义：
副词；修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子的词。
🟦 二、功能与用法（Function & Usage）
副词的主要功能是**说明“如何（how）”、“何时（when）”、“何地（where）”、“在何种程度（to what extent）”**等。
功能
说明
示例
修饰动词 (verb)
表示动作的方式、时间、地点或频率
She speaks softly.（她轻声说话。）He runs quickly.（他跑得很快。）
修饰形容词 (adjective)
表示程度
It’s very cold today.（今天非常冷。）He is extremely tall.（他非常高。）
修饰其他副词 (adverb)
表示程度加强或减弱
She sings really beautifully.（她唱得真的很美。）
修饰整个句子 (sentence)
表示说话者的态度、观点或语气
Fortunately, no one was hurt.（幸运的是，没有人受伤。）Perhaps you’re right.（也许你是对的。）
🟦 三、副词的常见类型（Types of Adverbs）
类型
功能
常见例词
示例
Adverbs of manner（方式）
表示“如何”
quickly, slowly, carefully
She drives carefully.
Adverbs of time（时间）
表示“何时”
now, yesterday, soon, already
I’ll see you tomorrow.
Adverbs of place（地点）
表示“在哪里”
here, there, everywhere
Come here, please.
Adverbs of frequency（频率）
表示“多常”
always, often, never, sometimes
He often travels abroad.
Adverbs of degree（程度）
表示“在何种程度”
very, quite, too, almost, rather
It’s quite hot today.
Adverbs of certainty（确定性）
表示“确信程度”
certainly, definitely, probably
She will probably agree.
Sentence adverbs（句子副词）
修饰整句
fortunately, frankly, perhaps
Honestly, I didn’t know.
🟦 四、副词的构成（Formation）
📘 许多副词由形容词 + -ly 构成：
形容词
➜
副词
quick
➜
quickly
careful
➜
carefully
beautiful
➜
beautifully
happy
➜
happily
real
➜
really
📘 特殊形式（不规则副词）：
形容词
副词
示例
good
well
She speaks English well.
fast
fast
He runs fast.
hard
hard
She works hard.
late
late
They arrived late.
early
early
We started early.
🟦 五、副词与形容词的区别（Adverb vs Adjective）
对比点
形容词 (Adjective)
副词 (Adverb)
修饰对象
名词
动词、形容词、副词、句子
示例
She is a beautiful dancer.
She dances beautifully.
错误警示
❌ She sings beautiful.
✅ She sings beautifully.
🟦 六、常见副词位置（Position in Sentence）
位置类型
说明
示例
句首
用于修饰整句
Fortunately, no one was hurt.
动词后
修饰动词
He spoke softly.
be动词后 / 助动词后 / 实义动词前
频率副词
He always works late. / He has never been there.
句末
修饰动作
She waited patiently.
形容词/副词前
程度副词
It’s very interesting. / She sings quite well.
🟦 七、IELTS Academic 高频应用（Academic & IELTS Use）
📘 在雅思写作中常用于：
表示态度 (Attitude)：clearly, obviously, arguably, undoubtedly 表示逻辑关系 (Linking)：therefore, consequently, moreover, nevertheless 表示程度 (Degree)：significantly, considerably, slightly, remarkably
📘 高分句型：
1️⃣ It is clearly evident that education improves living standards.
2️⃣ The population has significantly increased over the past decade.
3️⃣ Undoubtedly, technology plays a crucial role in modern life.
4️⃣ The new policy will greatly benefit small businesses.
5️⃣ Students who read widely perform considerably better.
🟦 八、常见错误（Common Mistakes）
错误句
正确句
说明
❌ He runs quick.
✅ He runs quickly.
副词修饰动词。
❌ She feels happily.
✅ She feels happy.
feel 是系动词，后接形容词。
❌ He drives very careful.
✅ He drives very carefully.
very 修饰副词 carefully。
❌ She did good.
✅ She did well.
good → well 修饰动词。
🟦 九、派生词（Word Family）
单词
词性
中文释义
示例
adverb
n.
副词
“Quickly” is an adverb.
adverbial
adj./n.
副词的；状语
In “She runs fast”, “fast” is an adverbial.
adverbially
adv.
以副词形式
The phrase is used adverbially.
🟦 十、总结表（Summary Table）
项目
内容
词性
名词 (n.)
发音
/ˈædvɜːb/
核心义
修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的词
常见搭配
adverb of manner/time/place/degree
派生词
adverbial, adverbially
IELTS 重点副词
significantly, obviously, undoubtedly, consequently
常见错误
混淆形容词与副词
🏆 雅思写作高分例句汇总
1️⃣ The results clearly show an improvement in air quality.
2️⃣ The company has rapidly expanded its global presence.
3️⃣ Undoubtedly, climate change is a global challenge.
4️⃣ Prices have considerably risen in recent years.
5️⃣ Students who study diligently achieve better outcomes.
🟩 adversary
📘 音标：/ˈædvəsəri/ （英） /ˈædvɚseri/ （美）
📘 词性：名词 noun [C]
📘 词源（Etymology）：来自拉丁语 adversarius（= opponent, enemy，对手、敌人），源自 adversus “against, opposite 对立的”。
🟦 一、定义（Definition）
adversary (formal)
a person that you are fighting against, competing with, or opposing in an argument, battle, or contest
📘 中文释义：
对手；敌手；敌人；反对者（尤用于正式或文学语体）
🟦 二、例句（Examples）
1️⃣ He defeated his old adversary in the final round.
他在决赛中打败了老对手。
2️⃣ The two political adversaries debated for over three hours.
这两位政治对手辩论了三个多小时。
3️⃣ In the end, good triumphed over its adversary.
最终，正义战胜了邪恶的敌人。
4️⃣ The company proved to be a formidable adversary in the market.
这家公司在市场上是一个强大的竞争对手。
🟦 三、同义词（Synonyms）
同义词
中文释义
语体风格
opponent
对手（比赛、辩论等中常用）
普通用语
rival
竞争者，对手（强调竞争）
中性
enemy
敌人（带情感敌意）
强烈情感色彩
antagonist
敌手，对立者（正式、文学）
正式语体
competitor
竞争对手（商业、体育）
中性语体
🟢 对比：
adversary 通常用于正式场合，如政治、战争、文学、学术。 opponent / rival 常用于日常或体育竞赛语境。
🟦 四、语法与搭配（Grammar & Collocations）
常见搭配
中文释义
political adversary
政治对手
old / long-time adversary
宿敌，长期对手
military adversary
军事敌人
worthy / formidable adversary
强劲的对手
defeat / overcome / outwit an adversary
打败／战胜／智胜对手
🟦 五、学术与IELTS常见用法（Academic / IELTS Use）
📘 在雅思写作、阅读中常出现于以下语境：
国际关系与政治（political adversary） 商业竞争（corporate adversary） 伦理与哲学（moral adversary, ideological adversary）
📗 高分句型示例：
1️⃣ Diplomacy often seeks compromise rather than the destruction of one’s adversary.
外交往往追求妥协而非摧毁对手。
2️⃣ In global markets, each firm must adapt strategies to outperform its adversaries.
在全球市场中，每家公司都必须调整策略以超越竞争对手。
3️⃣ The peace process requires both sides to treat former adversaries as partners.
和平进程要求双方将昔日的敌人视为伙伴。
🟦 六、语义辨析（Word Family & Related Forms）
派生词
词性
中文释义
示例
adversarial
adj.
对抗的；敌对的
The relationship between the two countries has become increasingly adversarial.（两国关系日益敌对。）
adversity
n.
逆境；困境
He showed great courage in the face of adversity.（他在逆境中表现出极大的勇气。）
adverse
adj.
不利的；有害的
The project was delayed due to adverse weather conditions.（因恶劣天气项目延迟。）
🟢 对比记忆：
adversary → 敌人（人） adverse → 不利的（形容情况、条件） adversity → 逆境（名词，抽象概念）
🟦 七、常见错误（Common Mistakes）
错误
正确
说明
❌ He is my adversity.
✅ He is my adversary.
adversity 意为“逆境”，不是“对手”。
❌ The adverse played well.
✅ The adversary played well.
adverse 是形容词，不能作名词。
🟦 八、总结（Summary Table）
项目
内容
词性
名词 (C)
发音
/ˈædvəsəri/
中文释义
对手；敌手；敌人
语体
正式、书面语
同义词
opponent, rival, antagonist, enemy
常见搭配
political adversary, worthy adversary, defeat an adversary
派生词
adversarial, adversity, adverse
IELTS话题
政治、战争、商业竞争、社会冲突
🏆 IELTS写作高分示例句
1️⃣ Nations should seek cooperation rather than confrontation with their adversaries.
2️⃣ The company’s innovation allowed it to outperform every adversary in the industry.
3️⃣ Even in the face of powerful adversaries, democracy has proven resilient.
4️⃣ The debate highlighted the intellectual strength of both adversaries.
5️⃣ History often teaches us that today’s adversary may become tomorrow’s ally.
🟩 advice / advisable / advise / adviser
🟦 1️⃣ advice
📘 音标：/ədˈvaɪs/
📘 词性：名词 [U]
📘 词源：来自古法语 avis（意见、看法），源自拉丁语 ad + visum = “toward + view（朝某种看法）”
✅ 定义（Definition）
advice [U]
an opinion or a suggestion about what somebody should do in a particular situation
📘 中文释义：
劝告；忠告；建议；意见
📘 例句（Examples）
1️⃣ She followed her doctor’s advice and took some rest.
她听从医生的建议休息了一段时间。
2️⃣ My parents gave me good advice about choosing a career.
父母在职业选择方面给了我很好的建议。
3️⃣ On your advice, I decided to apply for the scholarship.
听从你的建议，我决定申请奖学金。
4️⃣ Let me give you a piece of advice — don’t rush into marriage.
我给你个忠告——不要仓促结婚。
📗 注意（Usage Note）
advice 是不可数名词！ ❌ an advice ✅ some advice / a piece of advice / some pieces of advice
📘 常见搭配（Collocations）
搭配
中文释义
take / follow / accept advice
采纳建议
give / offer advice
提供建议
seek / ask for advice
寻求建议
practical / professional advice
实用／专业意见
financial / legal / medical advice
财务／法律／医疗建议
📗 IELTS 写作高分句：
1️⃣ It is advisable to follow professional advice when making financial decisions.
2️⃣ Expert advice can significantly reduce risks in business ventures.
🟦 2️⃣ advise
📘 音标：/ədˈvaɪz/
📘 词性：动词 verb
📘 词源：与 advice 同源（“给出意见”）。
✅ 定义（Definition）
advise [T, I]
to tell somebody what you think they should do in a particular situation
📘 中文释义：
劝告；忠告；建议；通知
📘 例句（Examples）
1️⃣ I advise you to stay calm.
我建议你保持冷静。
2️⃣ My lawyer advised me not to sign anything.
我的律师建议我不要签任何文件。
3️⃣ The doctor advised taking a few days off work.
医生建议休息几天。
4️⃣ She was advised of her rights before being questioned. (formal)
在被讯问之前，她被告知了自己的权利。
📘 语法结构（Grammar Patterns）
结构
示例
含义
advise + sb + to do sth
He advised me to apply.
建议某人做某事
advise + doing sth
He advised taking precautions.
建议做某事（动名词）
advise + that 从句
They advised that we should leave.
建议……
advise + sb + of sth
She advised me of the schedule.
通知某人某事（正式语体）
📗 同义词（Synonyms）
recommend（推荐）、suggest（建议）、urge（敦促）、counsel（正式用语“劝告”）
📘 IELTS 写作句型：
1️⃣ Experts advise against relying solely on social media for information.
2️⃣ Financial consultants often advise clients to diversify their investments.
3️⃣ Doctors generally advise that regular exercise improves mental health.
🟦 3️⃣ adviser / advisor
📘 音标：/ədˈvaɪzə(r)/
📘 词性：名词 [C]
📘 拼写说明：adviser（英式常用） ≈ advisor（美式更常见）
✅ 定义（Definition）
a person who gives advice, especially somebody who knows a lot about a particular subject
📘 中文释义：
顾问；参谋；指导者；顾问官
📘 例句（Examples）
1️⃣ He works as a financial adviser for a major bank.
他在一家大型银行担任金融顾问。
2️⃣ The President’s chief adviser on foreign affairs resigned yesterday.
总统的首席外交顾问昨日辞职。
3️⃣ Students are encouraged to meet their academic advisers regularly.
鼓励学生定期与学业指导老师会面。
📘 常见搭配（Collocations）
搭配
中文释义
financial adviser
财务顾问
legal adviser
法律顾问
academic adviser
学业顾问
senior / chief adviser
高级／首席顾问
presidential adviser
总统顾问
📗 IELTS 写作示例：
1️⃣ University advisers play a key role in supporting students’ academic success.
2️⃣ Many governments rely on economic advisers for policy development.
🟦 4️⃣ advisable
📘 音标：/ədˈvaɪzəbl/
📘 词性：形容词 adjective
📘 词源：由 advise + -able（“可以被建议的”）构成。
✅ 定义（Definition）
advisable (formal)
sensible and wise to do in a particular situation
📘 中文释义：
明智的；可取的；适当的（值得被建议的）
📘 例句（Examples）
1️⃣ It would be advisable to book tickets in advance.
最好提前订票。
2️⃣ Regular exercise is advisable for maintaining good health.
经常锻炼对健康有益。
3️⃣ It is not advisable to rely entirely on one source of income.
完全依赖单一收入来源是不明智的。
📗 常见搭配（Collocations）
搭配
中文释义
it is advisable to do sth
……是明智的
highly / strongly advisable
强烈建议
not advisable
不可取，不明智
📘 IELTS 写作句：
1️⃣ It is advisable to seek expert guidance before starting a business.
2️⃣ In urban planning, it is highly advisable to consider environmental sustainability.
🟦 🔹 四词对比总结表
单词
词性
中文释义
特点 / 用法
advice
n. [U]
建议；忠告
名词，不可数，用 a piece of advice 表示单数。
advise
v.
建议；劝告
动词，可接 sb to do 或 doing。
advisable
adj.
明智的；可取的
“值得建议的”，常用 It is advisable to… 结构。
adviser / advisor
n. [C]
顾问；参谋
指“给出建议的人”，如 financial adviser。
🏆 IELTS 写作高分示例整合
1️⃣ It is advisable for governments to seek expert advice before implementing policies.
2️⃣ Financial advisers often advise clients to invest cautiously.
3️⃣ Students should take the advice of their academic advisers seriously.
4️⃣ Good advice, if followed, can prevent unnecessary mistakes in business decisions.
❄🌸Snow Cherry Blossom🌸❄ 