🟩 ashtray
/ˈæʃtreɪ/
noun(名词)【可数 C】
一、释义(Definitions)
1️⃣ 烟灰缸
A small dish or container in which people can leave the ash from their cigarettes and the cigarette ends.
用于放烟灰和烟头的小容器。
📘 例句 Examples:
He stubbed out his cigarette in the ashtray. 他把香烟在烟灰缸里掐灭。 The hotel room had a glass ashtray on the table. 酒店房间的桌上放着一个玻璃烟灰缸。 Please don’t throw ashes on the floor — use the ashtray. 请不要把烟灰扔在地上——用烟灰缸。
二、构词与词源(Word Formation & Etymology)
构词法:
➡ ash(灰) + tray(盘) → ashtray “放灰的盘子”。
词源:
19世纪晚期出现于英语,用于描述吸烟盛行时期常见的家庭物品。
三、常见搭配(Common Collocations)
搭配
中文释义
示例
empty an ashtray
清空烟灰缸
Please empty the ashtray before guests arrive.
glass/metal/ceramic ashtray
玻璃/金属/陶瓷烟灰缸
He collected antique ceramic ashtrays.
overflowing ashtray
满溢的烟灰缸
The ashtray was overflowing with cigarette butts.
desktop ashtray
桌上烟灰缸
There was a small desktop ashtray beside the lamp.
四、同义词与相关词(Synonyms & Related Words)
类别
词汇
说明
近义词
smoker’s tray(较少用)
同义但不常见
相关词
lighter(打火机)
吸烟相关用品
相关词
cigarette butt / end
烟头
五、语法提示(Grammar Notes)
可数名词:通常与冠词连用 ✅ an ashtray, two ashtrays 常作具体名词,不用于比喻或抽象语境。
六、雅思学术用法(IELTS Academic Usage)
在 雅思听力 / 阅读 / 写作 中较少直接出现,但可出现在:
社会文化类文章(Smoking & Public Health) 环境类文章(Pollution, Waste Management)
📗 IELTS Example Sentences:
Smoking is prohibited, and no ashtrays are provided in public areas. 公共场所禁止吸烟,不提供烟灰缸。 The presence of an ashtray in a non-smoking area can send mixed messages about policy enforcement. 在禁烟区放置烟灰缸可能会混淆管理信号。
📘 Academic Collocations:
public ashtray 公共烟灰缸 metal ashtray 金属烟灰缸 remove ashtrays 移除烟灰缸(用于公共卫生政策)
七、文化补充(Cultural Note)
在许多国家(如英国、加拿大、澳大利亚),由于公共吸烟法规的实施,ashtray 逐渐成为旧式物件,在公共场所中常被替代为 “no smoking” 标志。
但在历史类、文化类雅思写作中,仍可用于反映社会习惯变迁。
✅ 总结表
项目
内容
词性
名词(可数)
发音
/ˈæʃtreɪ/
词义
烟灰缸
构词
ash(灰)+ tray(盘)
同义词
smoker’s tray(少见)
常见搭配
empty ashtray, glass ashtray, overflowing ashtray
雅思话题
吸烟与健康、公共政策、社会文化
对比词
lighter, cigarette butt, no-smoking sign
🟦 Asia
/ˈeɪʒə/ 或 /ˈeɪʃə/
proper noun(专有名词)
一、释义(Definition)
The largest continent in the world, situated mainly in the eastern and northern hemispheres, bordered by Europe and Africa to the west and the Pacific Ocean to the east.
世界上面积最大的大陆,主要位于东半球和北半球,西邻欧洲和非洲,东临太平洋。
📘 中文释义:
亚洲(地球上七大洲之一)
二、地理范围(Geographical Scope)
面积:约 44,579,000 平方公里
人口:超过 47 亿(约占全球 60%)
主要地区:
东亚(China, Japan, Korea) 东南亚(Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam, Singapore) 南亚(India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka) 中亚(Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan) 西亚(Turkey, Iran, Saudi Arabia — 又称中东 Middle East)
三、常见搭配(Common Collocations)
搭配
中文释义
示例
Asian countries
亚洲国家
Many Asian countries are experiencing rapid economic growth.
Southeast Asia
东南亚
Tourism is a key industry in Southeast Asia.
Central Asia
中亚
Central Asia is rich in natural resources.
East Asia
东亚
East Asia has strong trade networks.
Asian culture / cuisine / economy
亚洲文化 / 美食 / 经济
Asian culture emphasizes family and respect.
四、派生词(Derived Forms)
派生词
词性
释义
示例
Asian
adj./n.
亚洲的;亚洲人
Asian economies have grown rapidly. / He is an Asian.
Asiatic (较旧)
adj.
亚洲的(较正式或旧式用法)
The Asiatic lion lives mainly in India.
Pan-Asian
adj.
泛亚洲的,涵盖全亚洲的
The conference promotes Pan-Asian cooperation.
五、同义与相关词(Synonyms & Related Terms)
类别
词汇
中文释义
大洲对比
Europe(欧洲) / Africa(非洲) / America(美洲) / Oceania(大洋洲)
对比用
洲名形容词
Asian, European, African, American
洲别形容词形式
六、雅思学术用法(IELTS Academic Usage)
在 雅思写作、阅读与听力 中,“Asia” 常出现在以下话题领域:
📗 1. Geography & Demography(地理与人口)
Asia is home to more than half of the world’s population. 亚洲居住着全球一半以上的人口。
📘 2. Economics & Development(经济与发展)
Many Asian economies have transformed rapidly due to globalization. 许多亚洲经济体因全球化而迅速发展。
📙 3. Culture & Education(文化与教育)
Asian students often emphasize discipline and academic excellence. 亚洲学生通常重视纪律与学业成就。
📒 4. Environment & Climate(环境与气候)
Parts of South Asia are highly vulnerable to flooding. 南亚部分地区极易发生洪灾。
七、文化与历史注解(Cultural & Historical Notes)
“Asia” 一词源自古希腊语 Ἀσία (Asía),最初用于指代安纳托利亚(今土耳其一带)。 在古代西方地理概念中,“Asia” 与 “Europe” 对应,象征“东方世界”。 现代地缘政治中,Asia 是经济增长最快的大陆之一(尤其是中国、日本、印度、韩国、新加坡等)。
✅ 总结表
项目
内容
词性
专有名词(proper noun)
发音
/ˈeɪʒə/ 或 /ˈeɪʃə/
中文释义
亚洲
面积
约 4,457.9 万平方公里
人口
超过 47 亿
派生词
Asian, Asiatic, Pan-Asian
常见搭配
Asian countries, East Asia, Asian economy
雅思话题
全球化、经济发展、文化多样性、人口趋势
🟦 aside
/əˈsaɪd/
adverb / noun / idiom
一、词性与基本释义(Parts of Speech & Definition)
① 副词 adverb
1️⃣ 向旁边;到一边
to one side; out of the way
📘 中文释义:在一旁;到一边;靠边
例句:
He pushed the curtain aside and looked out. 他把窗帘推到一边往外看。 She stepped aside to let him pass. 她往旁边站开让他过去。
2️⃣ 撇开(用于抽象意义)
used to show that something is not considered or dealt with now
📘 中文释义:撇开(暂不考虑)
例句:
Leaving jokes aside, we need to discuss the serious issue. 玩笑先不谈,我们得讨论正事。 All differences aside, we must cooperate. 撇开分歧,我们必须合作。
3️⃣ (演员)旁白(戏剧术语)
a remark that is intended to be heard by the audience but not by the other characters
📘 中文释义:(戏剧中的)旁白,小声说的话
例句:
She muttered something aside to the audience. 她向观众低声说了一句旁白。
② 名词 noun
1️⃣ 旁白;题外话;插话
a remark that is not directly connected with the main subject of a conversation
📘 中文释义:题外话,插句
例句:
The speaker added an amusing aside about his childhood. 演讲者插入了一句关于他童年的趣事。
二、常见搭配(Collocations)
搭配
中文释义
示例
put/set aside
搁置;留出
They set aside their differences.
step aside
让开;让位
He stepped aside to make room for the new manager.
cast aside
摒弃
She cast aside her doubts.
draw aside
拉开
He drew aside the curtain.
turn aside
转身;避开
He turned aside to hide his tears.
三、派生词(Derived Forms)
派生词
词性
中文释义
示例
aside from
prep.
除……之外(类似 apart from)
Aside from his job, he also teaches music.
put aside
v. phr.
放下,留出(钱、时间等)
Try to put aside some savings each month.
四、同义词(Synonyms)
同义词
中文释义
区别
apart
分开地
强调距离或分离
away
离开
强调远离动作
aside from / apart from
除……之外
常用于正式写作
by (side meaning)
在旁边
比“aside”更口语
五、雅思学术用法(IELTS Academic Usage)
在雅思写作或口语中,aside 常用于引入附带说明或转折语气:
用法
示例句
中文释义
插入性表达(插句/补充)
Aside from economic factors, cultural influence also plays a major role.
除经济因素外,文化影响也很重要。
逻辑转折
Leaving minor details aside, the overall conclusion is valid.
撇开细节不谈,总体结论是成立的。
戏剧或文学分析中
The author uses an aside to reveal the character’s inner thoughts.
作者通过旁白揭示人物内心。
六、常见短语与习语(Phrases & Idioms)
短语
中文释义
示例
aside from
除了……
Aside from English, he speaks French.
put/set aside
搁置;留出
They put aside their conflicts.
brush aside
不理会
He brushed aside the criticism.
cast aside
摒弃
Cast aside your fears.
step aside
让开;让位
The director stepped aside for younger leadership.
✅ 总结表
项目
内容
词性
副词 / 名词
发音
/əˈsaɪd/
中文释义
在一旁;撇开;旁白;题外话
同义词
apart, away, aside from
常用短语
aside from, put aside, step aside
雅思应用
转折语气、补充说明、文学分析
例句
He stood aside to let her pass.
🟦 ask
/ɑːsk/ (BrE) /æsk/ (AmE)
v. (动词)
一、核心释义(Core Meanings)
1️⃣ 请求;要求(request)
to say that you would like somebody to do something or that you would like something to happen
📘 中文释义: 请求;要求;恳求
例句:
She asked him to help her with the report. 她请他帮忙写报告。 If you need anything, just ask. 有需要尽管提。
常见搭配:
短语
中文释义
示例
ask for help
请求帮助
Don’t hesitate to ask for help.
ask a favour (of sb.)
请求帮个忙
She asked a favour of her friend.
ask permission
请求许可
He asked permission to leave early.
2️⃣ 询问;提问(inquire)
to say or write something in order to get information
📘 中文释义: 询问;打听;问
例句:
He asked me what time it was. 他问我现在几点。 Ask your teacher if you don’t understand. 不懂就问老师。
固定句型:
ask sb. sth. → She asked me my name. ask sb. about sth. → He asked me about my job. ask if / whether… → She asked if I was tired. ask + wh- question → He asked where I lived.
3️⃣ 邀请(invite)
to invite somebody to an event
📘 中文释义: 邀请;请(某人做某事)
例句:
I’ve asked them to dinner. 我请他们吃晚饭。 She asked me out. 她邀请我出去。
4️⃣ 索要(demand / charge)
to request or expect to be paid a particular amount
📘 中文释义: 要价;索取
例句:
How much are they asking for the house? 这栋房子他们要价多少? He asked $1,000 for the car. 他给车标价1000美元。
5️⃣ (口语)惹事;自找麻烦
(idiom) ask for trouble / it / a beating
📘 中文释义: 自找苦吃;自讨麻烦
例句:
Ignoring safety rules is just asking for trouble. 无视安全规则就是自找麻烦。
二、常见短语与搭配(Collocations & Phrasal Verbs)
短语
中文释义
示例
ask around
四处打听
I’ll ask around to find a good mechanic.
ask after sb.
问候某人
He asked after you yesterday.
ask out
邀请外出(约会)
He finally asked her out.
ask for trouble
自找麻烦
Don’t provoke him—you’re asking for trouble.
ask over
邀请到家里
We’ve asked them over for lunch.
三、派生词(Derived Forms)
派生词
词性
中文释义
示例
asking
n.
请求;要求
A big asking price can scare off buyers.
asker
n.
提问者;请求者
The asker raised an interesting point.
四、同义词(Synonyms)
同义词
中文释义
区别
inquire
询问(较正式)
用于书面语或正式场合
request
请求(正式)
通常带有书面语色彩
demand
要求(强硬)
比 ask 强烈
invite
邀请
特指邀请参加活动
seek
寻求
抽象用法,如 seek advice
五、常见习语(Idioms)
表达
中文释义
示例
ask for it/trouble
自找麻烦
You’re asking for it if you keep teasing him.
ask (sb.) a question
提问
She asked me a difficult question.
ask the impossible
强人所难
You’re asking the impossible.
六、雅思学术用法(IELTS Academic Usage)
1️⃣ Writing(写作)
在正式写作中常用 ask + that 从句 或 be asked to do sth. 表示官方请求或要求:
✅ The government asked that all citizens reduce energy consumption.
→ 政府要求公民减少能源消耗。
✅ Participants were asked to complete a short questionnaire.
→ 要求参与者填写简短问卷。
2️⃣ Speaking(口语)
常用表达:
Can I ask you a question? I was asked to give a presentation. People often ask me about my studies.
✅ 总结表
项目
内容
词性
动词 (v.)
发音
/ɑːsk/ (BrE); /æsk/ (AmE)
核心义项
请求;询问;邀请;要价;自找麻烦
常见短语
ask for, ask about, ask out, ask after
派生词
asking, asker
同义词
inquire, request, demand, invite
雅思用法
用于正式“要求”或学术“问询”语境
🟦 asleep
/əˈsliːp/
adjective (形容词 — 不作定语!)
一、核心释义(Core Meanings)
1️⃣ 睡着的;处于睡眠状态的
in a state of sleeping
📘 中文释义: 睡着的;入睡的
例句:
The baby is fast asleep. 婴儿已经熟睡。 I was still asleep when you called. 你打电话时我还睡着呢。 She fell asleep while reading. 她读着书就睡着了。
🪶 语法说明:
👉 asleep 只能作 表语(在 be 动词后)或 补语(如 fall asleep),
❌ 不能作定语修饰名词。
✅ 正确:The child is asleep.
❌ 错误:An asleep child. → 应改为 a sleeping child.
2️⃣(身体某部位)麻木的;发麻的
(of a limb) having no feeling, usually because of being in one position for too long
📘 中文释义: (肢体)麻木的;发麻的
例句:
My arm has gone asleep. 我的胳膊发麻了。 I sat on my leg too long and it fell asleep. 我腿盘久了,腿都麻了。
二、常见搭配(Collocations)
搭配
中文释义
示例
fast asleep
熟睡的
The children were fast asleep by ten.
sound asleep
沉睡的
He was sound asleep when the alarm went off.
fall asleep
入睡
She fell asleep during the movie.
half asleep
半睡半醒
He looked half asleep at breakfast.
put sb. to sleep
哄人入睡
She put the baby to sleep gently.
三、派生词与相关短语(Derived Forms & Phrases)
派生 / 相关词
词性
中文释义
示例
sleep
n./v.
睡觉;睡眠
I didn’t get much sleep.
sleepy
adj.
困倦的
I’m feeling sleepy after lunch.
sleepless
adj.
失眠的
He spent a sleepless night.
asleep at the wheel (idiom)
短语
玩忽职守;懈怠
The government was asleep at the wheel during the crisis.
四、同义词(Synonyms)
同义词
中文释义
区别
sleeping
睡着的(可作定语)
a sleeping baby ✅
unconscious
失去知觉的
常用于医学或事故情境
dozing
打盹的
指浅睡或打瞌睡
drowsy
昏昏欲睡的
睡意将至而未睡着
五、常见短语动词结构(Useful Phrases)
表达
中文释义
示例
fall asleep
入睡
He fell asleep immediately.
be asleep
睡着
She’s already asleep.
put (sb.) to sleep
使入睡
The music put me to sleep.
half asleep
半梦半醒
He stumbled out of bed half asleep.
fast/sound asleep
熟睡
The child lay sound asleep.
六、雅思学术用法(IELTS Academic Usage)
尽管 asleep 本身偏日常口语,但在 雅思听力与口语 中高频出现:
✅ 听力常见场景
The patient was still asleep after the operation. (用于医学或健康类对话) She was fast asleep when the phone rang.
✅ 口语常用表达
I couldn’t fall asleep last night because of the noise. I usually go to bed at midnight and fall asleep quickly.
✅ 写作类(间接使用)
可替换为更学术的表达:
普通
学术表达
fall asleep
go to sleep / enter a sleep state
be asleep
remain in a sleep phase
✅ 总结表
项目
内容
词性
形容词(仅表语)
发音
/əˈsliːp/
中文释义
睡着的;入睡的;(身体)麻木的
常见短语
fall asleep, fast asleep, half asleep
同义词
sleeping, drowsy, unconscious
派生词
sleep, sleepy, sleepless
雅思重点
高频听力词汇;口语常用表达
🟦 aspect
/ˈæspekt/
noun(名词)【可数 C】
一、核心释义(Core Meanings)
1️⃣ 方面;层面
a particular part or feature of a situation, idea, problem, etc.
📘 中文释义: 方面;要素;层面
例句:
We need to consider every aspect of the problem. 我们需要考虑问题的每一个方面。 The plan has many positive aspects. 这个计划有许多积极的层面。
常见搭配:
搭配
中文释义
示例
different aspects
不同方面
The course covers different aspects of physics.
important aspect
重要方面
Safety is an important aspect of this project.
financial / social / cultural aspects
财务/社会/文化方面
The report examines the social aspects of urban life.
2️⃣ 外观;外表(appearance)
the way a place, person, or thing looks
📘 中文释义: 外观;面貌
例句:
The hotel had a pleasant aspect. 这家酒店的外观很宜人。 The building has a modern aspect. 这座建筑的外观现代。
3️⃣ 语法上的体(grammatical aspect)
(grammar) a way of showing the relation of a verb to time, such as continuous or perfect
📘 中文释义: (语法)体
例句:
English has two main aspects: perfect and progressive. 英语有两种主要体:完成体和进行体。
二、常见搭配(Collocations)
搭配
中文释义
示例
aspect of life / work / study
生活/工作/学习的方面
Health is an important aspect of life.
consider / examine / evaluate an aspect
考虑/审查/评估某个方面
We need to consider all aspects of the project.
from a … aspect
从……角度
From a financial aspect, this plan is feasible.
aspect ratio
(技术)纵横比
The screen has an aspect ratio of 16:9.
三、派生词与相关词(Derived Forms & Related Words)
派生 / 相关词
词性
中文释义
示例
aspective
adj.
方面的(较少用)
Consider the aspective elements of the problem.
aspectual
adj.
语法体的
The aspectual distinction in English verbs is important.
四、同义词(Synonyms)
同义词
中文释义
区别
facet
方面;切面
强调组成部分或特征,如 a facet of personality
feature
特征;特点
强调显著特征或属性
element
要素
指组成整体的部分,抽象或具体皆可
dimension
方面;层面
学术或抽象意义强调视角或测量维度
五、雅思学术用法(IELTS Academic Usage)
1️⃣ Writing(写作)
可用于学术论文中表述分析角度或讨论层面: ✅ This study considers various aspects of climate change. → 本研究考察气候变化的各个方面。 ✅ From an economic aspect, the project is feasible. → 从经济层面来看,该项目可行。
2️⃣ Speaking(口语)
常用于回答问题时说明不同维度: There are many positive aspects of living in a big city. One aspect I like about my job is the flexibility.
3️⃣ Reading / Listening
高频出现于科技、社会、文化、教育等学术文章中,表示“角度、层面、方面”。
六、常用短语(Phrases & Idioms)
短语
中文释义
示例
from an aspect / from a … aspect
从……角度
From a legal aspect, the contract is valid.
different / various aspects
不同方面
The essay discusses the topic from various aspects.
key / crucial aspect
关键方面
Safety is a crucial aspect of construction work.
aspect ratio
纵横比
The monitor’s aspect ratio is 16:9.
✅ 总结表
项目
内容
词性
名词(可数)
发音
/ˈæspekt/
中文释义
方面;层面;外观;语法体
常见搭配
different aspects, from a … aspect, aspect of life/work/study
派生词
aspectual, aspective
同义词
facet, feature, element, dimension
雅思应用
学术写作中表示分析角度、研究层面、不同方面
🟦 aspirin
/ˈæsprɪn/
noun(名词)【不可数 / 可数】
一、核心释义(Core Meaning)
1️⃣ 阿司匹林(药物)
a common drug used to reduce pain, fever, or inflammation, or to prevent blood clots
📘 中文释义: 阿司匹林(一种常用药物,用于缓解疼痛、退烧、消炎,或预防血栓)
例句:
He took an aspirin for his headache. 他吃了一片阿司匹林来缓解头痛。 Doctors often recommend aspirin to reduce the risk of heart attacks. 医生通常建议服用阿司匹林以降低心脏病发作风险。 Children under 12 should not take aspirin unless prescribed by a doctor. 12岁以下儿童除非医生处方,不应服用阿司匹林。
二、常见搭配(Collocations)
搭配
中文释义
示例
take / use aspirin
服用阿司匹林
He takes aspirin every morning.
low-dose aspirin
低剂量阿司匹林
Low-dose aspirin can help prevent strokes.
aspirin tablet / pill
阿司匹林片剂
She swallowed an aspirin tablet with water.
aspirin for pain / fever / inflammation
用于止痛/退烧/消炎
Doctors often recommend aspirin for pain.
三、派生词与相关词(Derived Forms & Related Words)
派生 / 相关词
词性
中文释义
示例
acetylsalicylic acid
n.
阿司匹林的化学名称
Aspirin is chemically known as acetylsalicylic acid.
aspirin-resistant
adj.
对阿司匹林耐药的
Some patients are aspirin-resistant.
aspirin therapy
n.
阿司匹林疗法
Aspirin therapy is used to prevent heart attacks.
四、同义词(Synonyms)
同义词
中文释义
说明
acetylsalicylic acid
阿司匹林
医学或化学正式名称
painkiller / analgesic
镇痛药
泛指缓解疼痛的药物
blood thinner
抗凝剂
阿司匹林在预防血栓时的作用类别
anti-inflammatory drug
消炎药
泛指药物功能,不限阿司匹林
五、雅思学术用法(IELTS Academic Usage)
1️⃣ Writing(写作)
健康/医学类议论文常出现: ✅ Studies show that aspirin can reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. → 研究显示,阿司匹林可以降低心血管疾病风险。
✅ Long-term use of low-dose aspirin may prevent strokes in elderly patients.
→ 长期使用低剂量阿司匹林可预防老年人中风。
2️⃣ Reading / Listening
医学、健康、药理类材料中高频出现: The patient was advised to take aspirin daily. Side effects of aspirin include stomach irritation and bleeding.
3️⃣ Speaking(口语)
描述健康习惯或医疗经历时: I sometimes take aspirin when I have a headache. Doctors recommend low-dose aspirin for heart health.
六、注意事项(Usage Notes)
年龄限制:12岁以下儿童除非医生建议,不宜使用阿司匹林(可能引起雷氏综合征 Reye’s syndrome)。 药理分类:阿司匹林既是镇痛药、退烧药,也是抗血栓药物。 剂量与风险:长期服用需注意胃肠道出血风险。
✅ 总结表
项目
内容
词性
名词(不可数/可数)
发音
/ˈæsprɪn/
中文释义
阿司匹林
常见搭配
take aspirin, low-dose aspirin, aspirin therapy
派生词
acetylsalicylic acid, aspirin-resistant
同义词
painkiller, analgesic, blood thinner, anti-inflammatory drug
雅思应用
医学/健康类写作、阅读、口语常见词汇
🟦 ass
/æs/
noun(名词)【可数】
一、核心释义(Core Meanings)
1️⃣ 动物:驴
a domesticated animal similar to a horse, but smaller, with long ears
📘 中文释义: 驴
例句:
The farmer has a donkey and two asses. 农夫养了一头驴和两只驴。 Asses are known for being strong and hardworking. 驴以力气大、勤劳著称。
2️⃣ 俚语:笨蛋;傻瓜(informal / vulgar)
a stupid or annoying person
📘 中文释义: 傻瓜;笨蛋;混蛋
例句:
Don’t be such an ass! 别那么笨! He acted like a complete ass at the party. 他在聚会上简直像个混蛋。
⚠️ 注意:
这是口语、俚语甚至粗俗用法,不适合正式写作。 可以用更礼貌的词替换,如 fool, idiot。
3️⃣ (身体部位)屁股(informal / vulgar)
the buttocks
📘 中文释义: 屁股(俚语)
例句:
He fell on his ass. 他摔在了屁股上。 Get off your ass and help! 别光坐着,快去帮忙!
⚠️ 同样属于非正式、口语或俚语用法,不适合学术写作。
二、常见搭配(Collocations)
搭配
中文释义
示例
dumb ass
笨蛋
He’s acting like a dumb ass.
lazy ass
懒鬼
Get off your lazy ass!
kick one’s ass
痛打某人 / 批评某人
He said he’d kick my ass if I didn’t apologize.
pain in the ass
麻烦的人或事
This homework is a real pain in the ass.
三、派生词与相关词(Derived Forms & Related Words)
派生 / 相关词
词性
中文释义
示例
asshole
n.
混蛋;讨厌的人
He’s acting like an asshole.
asses
n.
驴(复数)
The farm has three asses.
dumbass / lazy ass
n. / adj.
笨蛋 / 懒鬼
Stop being a dumbass.
四、同义词(Synonyms)
同义词
中文释义
区别
donkey / mule
驴 / 骡子
正式动物用语
fool / idiot
傻瓜 / 笨蛋
更礼貌、可用于书面语
butt / backside / bum
屁股
英语俚语或口语,粗俗程度不同
五、雅思学术用法(IELTS Academic Usage)
⚠️ ass 主要出现在口语、听力或俚语场景,不适合写作或正式学术场合。
1️⃣ Speaking(口语)
用于描述人物行为或表达情绪: Don’t be such an ass, just listen! He’s a lazy ass, never does his work.
2️⃣ Listening(听力)
俚语对话中可能出现,但写作考试或学术阅读很少涉及。 可用更中性或礼貌词替换,如 fool, lazy person, donkey。
六、注意事项(Usage Notes)
双重含义:动物(驴) vs. 粗俗俚语(笨蛋、屁股)。 正式场合:用 donkey 替代 ass 表动物;用 fool / idiot 替代 ass 表人。 口语/俚语色彩:常用于美国、英国口语中,强调幽默或轻蔑。
✅ 总结表
项目
内容
词性
名词(可数/不可数,根据意思)
发音
/æs/
中文释义
驴;笨蛋;屁股(俚语)
常见搭配
dumb ass, lazy ass, kick one’s ass, pain in the ass
派生词
asshole, dumbass, lazy ass
同义词
donkey, mule, fool, idiot, butt, bum
雅思应用
口语或听力俚语场景,高频口语词汇,写作中避免使用
🟦 assassinate
/əˈsæsɪneɪt/
verb (v.)
一、核心释义(Core Meaning)
1️⃣ 暗杀;刺杀(政治、名人等)
to murder a famous or important person, usually for political reasons
📘 中文释义: 暗杀;刺杀(通常指政治人物、名人)
例句:
The president was assassinated while giving a speech. 总统在发表演讲时被暗杀了。 John Wilkes Booth assassinated Abraham Lincoln in 1865. 约翰·威尔克斯·布斯于1865年刺杀了亚伯拉罕·林肯。 Several attempts were made to assassinate the king. 有人曾多次企图暗杀国王。
2️⃣ (比喻)破坏;恶意攻击(较少用)
to deliberately damage or attack something, e.g., reputation
📘 中文释义: 破坏;恶意攻击(如名誉)
例句:
The newspaper assassinated the politician’s reputation. 报纸恶意抹黑了那位政治家的声誉。
⚠️ 这个用法比政治暗杀少见,多用于文学或新闻比喻。
二、常见搭配(Collocations)
搭配
中文释义
示例
assassinate a leader / president / politician
暗杀领导人/总统/政治家
The dictator was assassinated in 1978.
attempt to assassinate
企图暗杀
Someone tried to assassinate the mayor.
assassinate for political reasons
因政治原因暗杀
He was assassinated for political reasons.
public figure / celebrity assassination
名人暗杀
The assassination of public figures shocks the nation.
三、派生词与相关词(Derived Forms & Related Words)
派生 / 相关词
词性
中文释义
示例
assassin
n.
刺客;暗杀者
The assassin escaped after killing the president.
assassination
n.
暗杀事件
The assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. shocked the world.
assassinative
adj.
暗杀性的(书面)
The plot had assassinative intentions.
四、同义词(Synonyms)
同义词
中文释义
区别
murder
谋杀
泛指任何非法杀人,政治动机不必强调
kill
杀死
中性或广义,口语常用
liquidate
消灭(敌人/对手)
常用于军事或间谍语境,比暗杀正式
eliminate
消除(目标/威胁)
可作委婉表达,书面多用于政治或军事
execute
处决
多指法律或官方处决,与暗杀不同
五、雅思学术用法(IELTS Academic Usage)
1️⃣ Writing(写作)
多用于 历史、政治、社会类议论文: ✅ The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand triggered World War I. → 弗朗茨·斐迪南大公的刺杀引发了第一次世界大战。
✅ Political leaders have sometimes been assassinated to destabilize governments.
→ 政治领导人有时会被暗杀以破坏政府稳定。
2️⃣ Reading / Listening
历史事件或政治新闻报道中常见: The president narrowly survived an assassination attempt. The assassin acted alone and was later captured.
3️⃣ Speaking(口语)
描述历史事件或讨论政治暴力时使用: One famous event was when John F. Kennedy was assassinated in 1963. Some rulers were constantly threatened with assassination.
六、注意事项(Usage Notes)
正式/书面用词:常用于新闻报道、历史书籍、学术文章。 政治或名人背景:通常指有社会或政治意义的谋杀。 比喻用法:可用于名誉、事业的攻击,但需注意语境,非正式口语少用。
✅ 总结表
项目
内容
词性
动词 (v.)
发音
/əˈsæsɪneɪt/
中文释义
暗杀;刺杀;比喻性破坏(名誉等)
常见搭配
assassinate a leader / politician, attempt to assassinate
派生词
assassin, assassination, assassinative
同义词
murder, kill, liquidate, execute, eliminate
雅思应用
历史、政治类写作/阅读/口语,高频学术词汇
🟦 assault
/əˈsɔːlt/ (BrE) / /əˈsɔːlt/ (AmE)
noun & verb
一、核心释义(Core Meanings)
1️⃣ 名词:袭击;攻击
a violent attack on somebody physically or verbally
📘 中文释义: 袭击;攻击
例句:
The soldier was injured in an assault. 士兵在一次袭击中受伤。 She was charged with sexual assault. 她被控性侵犯。 The army launched an assault on the enemy position. 军队对敌方阵地发起攻击。
2️⃣ 动词:攻击;袭击
to attack someone violently
📘 中文释义: 袭击;攻击
例句:
He was assaulted by a gang of youths. 他被一群青年袭击了。 The fortress was assaulted at dawn. 黎明时城堡遭到攻击。 Protesters assaulted the police with stones. 抗议者向警察投掷石块进行攻击。
3️⃣ 比喻用法(figurative)
to criticize, overwhelm, or affect strongly
📘 中文释义: 比喻性攻击;冲击
例句:
The senses are assaulted by bright lights and loud music. 感官被刺眼的灯光和喧闹的音乐冲击。 His reputation was assaulted by false rumors. 他的名誉遭到虚假谣言的攻击。
二、常见搭配(Collocations)
搭配
中文释义
示例
sexual assault
性侵
The victim reported a sexual assault.
physical assault
身体袭击
He was convicted of physical assault.
launch / carry out an assault
发动袭击
The army launched an assault at dawn.
verbal / psychological assault
言语/心理攻击
She faced a constant verbal assault at work.
三、派生词与相关词(Derived Forms & Related Words)
派生 / 相关词
词性
中文释义
示例
assail
v.
攻击;抨击
The critic assailed the new policy.
assailant
n.
袭击者;攻击者
The assailant was arrested by the police.
assaultive
adj.
攻击性的
He displayed assaultive behavior.
assaulted
adj.
遭到袭击的
She was assaulted on her way home.
四、同义词(Synonyms)
同义词
中文释义
区别
attack
攻击
泛指物理或言语攻击
hit / strike
打击
强调动作本身
assail
袭击
文学或正式书面用法
onslaught
猛攻
强调猛烈、规模大
battery
殴打(法律术语)
主要用于法律文书中
五、雅思学术用法(IELTS Academic Usage)
1️⃣ Writing(写作)
常用于社会问题、法律、犯罪、战争类议论文: ✅ The report highlighted the rise of physical assaults in urban areas. → 报告强调了城市地区身体袭击案件的上升。
✅ Victims of assault often experience long-term psychological trauma.
→ 袭击受害者常会经历长期心理创伤。
2️⃣ Reading / Listening
新闻报道、犯罪案例、历史事件中高频出现: Police are investigating an assault on a teenager last night. The fortress withstood repeated assaults from the enemy army.
3️⃣ Speaking(口语)
描述新闻事件或社会问题: There has been an increase in assaults in the city recently. He was assaulted outside the nightclub.
六、注意事项(Usage Notes)
法律用词:在法律语境中,assault 通常指身体攻击或威胁。 动词与名词形式:动词表示动作,名词表示事件。 学术/正式写作:比 attack 更正式,尤其在社会科学或犯罪学论文中。
✅ 总结表
项目
内容
词性
名词/动词
发音
/əˈsɔːlt/
中文释义
袭击;攻击(身体或言语);比喻冲击
常见搭配
sexual assault, physical assault, launch/carry out an assault
派生词
assail, assailant, assaultive, assaulted
同义词
attack, hit, strike, assail, onslaught, battery
雅思应用
社会、法律、犯罪、战争类写作/口语/阅读高频词
🟦 assemble
/əˈsembl/
verb (v.)
一、核心释义(Core Meanings)
1️⃣ 集合;聚集
to bring people or things together in one place
📘 中文释义: 集合;聚集
例句:
The students assembled in the hall for the ceremony. 学生们在礼堂里集合参加仪式。 Workers assembled at the factory entrance. 工人们在工厂门口集合。
2️⃣ 组装(零件、机械等)
to put together the parts of a machine, piece of furniture, or other object
📘 中文释义: 组装;装配
例句:
He assembled the new bookshelf in the living room. 他在客厅里组装了新的书架。 The cars are assembled in a factory in Detroit. 汽车在底特律的一家工厂里组装。
3️⃣ (正式场合)集合、召开(会议、议会)
to gather formally for a meeting or discussion
📘 中文释义: 集会;召集
例句:
Parliament assembled to discuss the new bill. 议会召集开会讨论新法案。 The committee will assemble next Monday. 委员会将于下周一开会。
二、常见搭配(Collocations)
搭配
中文释义
示例
assemble a team / group / crowd
集合团队/人群
Volunteers assembled to clean the park.
assemble furniture / equipment / machinery
组装家具/设备/机器
She spent the afternoon assembling a new computer.
assemble for a meeting / ceremony
集会参加会议/仪式
Students assembled for the graduation ceremony.
assemble parts / components
装配零件
The engineers assembled the engine components carefully.
三、派生词与相关词(Derived Forms & Related Words)
派生 / 相关词
词性
中文释义
示例
assembly
n.
集会;装配
The school held a morning assembly. / Car assembly takes place in the factory.
assembler
n.
装配工;汇编程序
The assembler put together the pieces of the machine.
reassemble
v.
重新组装;重新集合
After moving, he reassembled the furniture.
四、同义词(Synonyms)
同义词
中文释义
区别
gather
聚集;收集
更口语化,可指人或物
collect
收集
强调收集散落物品
convene
召集(正式会议)
正式书面语,多用于议会、委员会
mobilize
调动;动员
多用于军队或组织资源
put together / build
组装
强调物件的装配过程
五、雅思学术用法(IELTS Academic Usage)
1️⃣ Writing(写作)
社会、科技、工程、教育类论文常出现: ✅ Engineers assemble components before testing the machine. → 工程师在测试机器前组装零件。 ✅ Students assembled in the hall for the orientation program. → 学生们在礼堂集合参加入学指导活动。
2️⃣ Reading / Listening
新闻报道或技术说明文中常见: The team assembled at the stadium for the opening ceremony. The furniture comes flat-packed and must be assembled at home.
3️⃣ Speaking(口语)
描述活动、经验或工程操作时: I had to assemble my desk when I moved into the new apartment. The volunteers assembled quickly to help after the flood.
六、注意事项(Usage Notes)
formal vs. informal:
assemble = 正式、书面;口语可用 gather。
人 vs. 物:
人 → 集合、开会;物 → 组装零件。
相关派生词区分:
assembly 可指会议或装配过程;assembler 指装配工或程序;reassemble 指重新组装或集合。
✅ 总结表
项目
内容
词性
动词 (v.)
发音
/əˈsembl/
中文释义
集合;聚集;组装;召集
常见搭配
assemble a team/group/crowd, assemble furniture/equipment, assemble for a meeting/ceremony
派生词
assembly, assembler, reassemble
同义词
gather, collect, convene, mobilize, put together
雅思应用
写作/阅读/口语:社会活动集合、工程/技术组装
🟦 assert
/əˈsɜːt/
verb (v.)
一、核心释义(Core Meanings)
1️⃣ 坚持;断言(以自信的态度表达)
to state firmly that something is true
📘 中文释义: 断言;主张;坚持说
例句:
She asserted her innocence in court. 她在法庭上坚称自己无辜。 The professor asserted that the theory was fundamentally flawed. 教授断言该理论从根本上存在缺陷。 He asserted his right to speak freely. 他坚持自己的言论自由权利。
2️⃣ 表现;维护(权利、权威等)
to behave in a way that shows power or confidence
📘 中文释义: 维护;显示(权力、权威、自信)
例句:
The government asserted its authority over the region. 政府维护了其对该地区的权威。 She asserted herself at work and got promoted. 她在工作中表现出自信,并获得晋升。
二、常见搭配(Collocations)
搭配
中文释义
示例
assert a claim / right
主张权利
The workers asserted their right to fair pay.
assert authority / control / influence
维护权威/控制/影响
The manager asserted his authority in the meeting.
firmly / strongly assert
坚定地断言
Scientists strongly assert that climate change is real.
assert oneself
表现自信;坚持己见
She learned to assert herself in negotiations.
三、派生词与相关词(Derived Forms & Related Words)
派生 / 相关词
词性
中文释义
示例
assertion
n.
断言;主张
His assertion that the system is unfair is widely supported.
assertive
adj.
坚定自信的;果断的
She is very assertive in meetings.
assertively
adv.
坚定地;果断地
He spoke assertively to make his point clear.
四、同义词(Synonyms)
同义词
中文释义
区别
claim
声称;主张
更中性,强调提出主张
maintain
坚持认为
强调持续主张某事
state
陈述
中性,强调表达事实
affirm
断言;确认
强调积极肯定,语气比 assert 温和
declare
宣告
强调公开宣布或宣告
五、雅思学术用法(IELTS Academic Usage)
1️⃣ Writing(写作)
适用于 学术论文、议论文、批评性写作: ✅ Researchers assert that the new method is more efficient than the previous one. → 研究者断言新方法比旧方法更高效。
✅ It can be asserted that education plays a crucial role in economic development.
→ 可以断言教育在经济发展中起关键作用。
2️⃣ Reading / Listening
学术文章、论文评论、报告中高频出现: The author asserts that climate change is the greatest threat of our time. Experts assert the importance of early intervention in education.
3️⃣ Speaking(口语)
描述观点或表达自信: I would assert that teamwork is essential for success. She asserts herself well in professional situations.
六、注意事项(Usage Notes)
语气正式:适合学术、正式写作和正式场合口语。 断言 vs. 表达自信:可用于“断言某事为真”,也可用于“表现自信”。 被动语态常见:It can be asserted that… 用于学术写作,强调观点而非作者个人。
✅ 总结表
项目
内容
词性
动词 (v.)
发音
/əˈsɜːt/
中文释义
断言;坚持;维护(权利/权威)
常见搭配
assert a claim/right, assert authority/control/influence, assert oneself
派生词
assertion, assertive, assertively
同义词
claim, maintain, state, affirm, declare
雅思应用
写作/阅读/口语:学术断言、观点表达、高频正式词汇
🟦 assess
/əˈses/
verb (v.)
一、核心释义(Core Meaning)
1️⃣ 评估;估价
to judge or decide the amount, value, quality, or importance of something
📘 中文释义: 评估;估价
例句:
The teacher assessed the students’ progress. 老师对学生的进步进行了评估。 The damage to the building was assessed at $10,000. 建筑物的损失被估价为一万美元。 Experts are assessing the impact of climate change on agriculture. 专家们正在评估气候变化对农业的影响。
2️⃣ (税收、罚款等)征收
to officially decide the amount of a tax, fine, etc.
📘 中文释义: 征收(税款、罚款等)
例句:
The government assessed a heavy tax on imported goods. 政府对进口商品征收了高额税款。 The council assessed a fine for the illegal building work. 市政委员会对非法建筑工程开出了罚款。
二、常见搭配(Collocations)
搭配
中文释义
示例
assess the situation / risk / impact / damage
评估情况/风险/影响/损害
Engineers assessed the damage after the storm.
assess students / performance / ability
评估学生/表现/能力
Teachers assess students through exams and projects.
formally / carefully assess
正式/仔细评估
The committee will formally assess the proposals.
assess a fine / tax / penalty
征收罚款/税款
Authorities assessed a fine for littering.
三、派生词与相关词(Derived Forms & Related Words)
派生 / 相关词
词性
中文释义
示例
assessment
n.
评估;估价;考核
The school conducted an assessment of students’ skills.
assessor
n.
评估员;核定人
A property assessor evaluated the house.
reassess
v.
重新评估
We need to reassess the situation after the new data.
self-assessment
n.
自我评估
Students completed a self-assessment of their work.
四、同义词(Synonyms)
同义词
中文释义
区别
evaluate
评价;评估
强调系统性判断,多用于学术和技术语境
appraise
估价
多用于物品、财产、技能等的价值判断
judge
判断
泛指作出判断,可偏主观
rate
评定等级
偏向打分或评级
measure
测量;评估
偏重数量、程度上的评估
五、雅思学术用法(IELTS Academic Usage)
1️⃣ Writing(写作)
学术论文、报告、社会科学和教育类作文常用: ✅ It is essential to assess the environmental impact of industrial projects. → 必须评估工业项目对环境的影响。
✅ Teachers assess students’ performance using both exams and coursework.
→ 教师通过考试和课程作业评估学生的表现。
2️⃣ Reading / Listening
报告、政策文件、研究论文中常出现: The study assessed the effectiveness of different teaching methods. Authorities will assess the damage caused by the flood.
3️⃣ Speaking(口语)
描述工作、学习或观察经历时: I had to assess the risks before starting the project. Teachers assess students in many different ways at my school.
六、注意事项(Usage Notes)
正式/书面用词:适合学术、教育、工程、社会科学场景。 名词 & 动词区分:assess(动词)→ 做评估;assessment(名词)→ 评估的结果或过程。 与 evaluate 的区别:assess 偏向估计或判断价值/风险,evaluate 强调系统分析并给出结论。
✅ 总结表
项目
内容
词性
动词 (v.)
发音
/əˈses/
中文释义
评估;估价;征收(税、罚款)
常见搭配
assess risk/situation/impact, assess students/performance/ability, assess a fine/tax/penalty
派生词
assessment, assessor, reassess, self-assessment
同义词
evaluate, appraise, judge, rate, measure
雅思应用
写作/阅读/口语:教育、科研、政策、工程类高频词汇
🟦 assist
/əˈsɪst/
verb (v.);noun (n.)
一、核心释义(Core Meanings)
1️⃣ 帮助;协助
to help someone to do something, especially when they are doing most of the work
📘 中文释义: 帮助;协助(通常指在别人主导下提供帮助)
例句:
The nurse assisted the doctor during the operation. 护士在手术过程中协助医生。 The software assists users in managing their data more effectively. 这款软件帮助用户更有效地管理数据。 Volunteers are needed to assist in the relief efforts. 救援工作需要志愿者协助。
2️⃣ 促进;帮助(某事物的发生或发展)
to make it easier for something to happen or for someone to do something
📘 中文释义: 促进;有助于
例句:
Good communication skills assist career development. 良好的沟通能力有助于职业发展。 The new system will assist in reducing energy consumption. 新系统将有助于降低能耗。
二、用法说明(Grammar & Usage)
结构
说明
示例
assist sb. with sth.
协助某人做某事
The teacher assisted students with their assignments.
assist (sb.) in doing sth.
协助做某事
He assisted in setting up the equipment.
assist sb. to do sth.
帮助某人做某事(正式)
The program assists students to develop skills.
assist at / during sth.
在…过程中协助
She assisted at the conference as an interpreter.
✅ 在雅思写作中,“assist in doing sth.” 是最常见的学术结构。
三、名词用法(Noun Usage)
assist (n.)
an act of helping someone
📘 中文释义: 帮助;助攻(尤其在体育中)
例句:
The teacher gave me an assist when I was struggling. 当我遇到困难时,老师帮助了我。 He scored a goal with an assist from his teammate. 他在队友的助攻下进了一球。
四、派生词与相关词(Derived Forms & Related Words)
派生 / 相关词
词性
中文释义
示例
assistance
n.
帮助;援助
The project was completed with the assistance of experts.
assistant
n./adj.
助手;助理的
She works as a research assistant in the lab.
assistive
adj.
辅助的(用于技术、设备)
Assistive technologies support people with disabilities.
五、同义词(Synonyms)
同义词
中文释义
区别
help
帮助
最常用的通用词,语气最口语化
aid
援助
正式,多用于紧急或官方场景(e.g. “medical aid”)
support
支持
强调情感、资源或精神上的支持
facilitate
促进
更正式,用于“帮助某过程进行得更顺利”
back up
支持;后援
常用于非正式或计算机语境
六、常见搭配(Collocations)
搭配
中文释义
示例
assist in doing sth.
协助做某事
The NGO assists in providing food and shelter.
assist with sth.
协助某事
Can you assist with the preparation of the report?
give / offer / provide assistance
提供帮助
The government provided assistance to flood victims.
medical / technical / financial assistance
医疗 / 技术 / 财政援助
The refugees received medical assistance.
assistant professor / manager / nurse
助理教授 / 经理 / 护士
She’s an assistant manager at a law firm.
七、雅思学术用法(IELTS Academic Usage)
1️⃣ Writing Task 2(写作)
用于表达“支持”“帮助”“促进”等学术语义 ✅ Technology can assist in improving the quality of education. → 科技可以帮助提升教育质量。
✅ Government funding assists researchers in developing new treatments.
→ 政府资助有助于研究人员开发新疗法。
✅ Public participation assists in achieving sustainable urban planning.
→ 公众参与有助于实现可持续城市规划。
2️⃣ Speaking
表达帮助他人或得到帮助的经历 My parents always assist me with my studies. I once assisted my teacher in organizing a school event.
3️⃣ Reading / Listening
常出现在科技、社会、教育类文本中 Robots are being developed to assist elderly people. Financial aid was provided to assist farmers after the drought.
八、语体与风格(Register & Tone)
✅ 正式用语:常用于学术、政府、医疗、科技语境 ❌ 口语中更自然的表达是 help
✅ 总结表
项目
内容
词性
动词 (v.); 名词 (n.)
发音
/əˈsɪst/
中文释义
帮助;协助;促进
常见结构
assist sb. with sth.; assist (sb.) in doing sth.; assist sb. to do sth.
派生词
assistance, assistant, assistive
同义词
help, aid, support, facilitate, back up
雅思用途
写作/口语/阅读高频词,用于表达帮助、促进、支持等学术语义
🟦 associate
/əˈsəʊʃieɪt/ (BrE) | /əˈsoʊʃieɪt/ (AmE)
verb (v.);noun (n.);adjective (adj.)
一、核心释义(Core Meanings)
1️⃣ 动词:把…联系在一起;联想(connect / link)
to connect someone or something in your mind with someone or something else
📘 中文释义: 把…与…联系起来;联想
例句:
Many people associate wealth with happiness. 许多人把财富与幸福联系在一起。 Smoking is associated with lung cancer. ✅ (雅思写作高频表达) 吸烟与肺癌有关。 I always associate this song with my childhood. 我总是把这首歌和我的童年联系起来。
2️⃣ 动词:结交;交往(connect socially)
to spend time with someone, especially someone people disapprove of
📘 中文释义: 与…交往;混在一起(含贬义)
例句:
He doesn’t associate with his old classmates anymore. 他不再和以前的同学来往了。 You shouldn’t associate with criminals. 你不该与罪犯为伍。
3️⃣ 名词:伙伴;同事;合伙人
a person that you work with or do business with
📘 中文释义: 同事;伙伴;合伙人
例句:
He’s a business associate of mine. 他是我的商业伙伴。 She’s one of my associates at the law firm. 她是律所里的同事之一。
4️⃣ 形容词:副的;准的;联合的
(used in job titles) having a lower rank or being part of something
📘 中文释义: 副的;助理的;准的
例句:
Associate Professor (副教授) Associate Member of the society (准会员) Associate Degree (副学士学位)
二、语法结构与用法(Grammar & Patterns)
常见搭配结构
中文说明
例句
associate A with B
把A与B联系起来
People often associate dark clouds with rain.
be associated with sth.
与…有关(被动语态最常见于学术文)
Obesity is associated with heart disease.
associate oneself with sth.
表示赞同、参与(正式)
She refused to associate herself with the decision.
associate with sb.
与某人交往
He doesn’t like to associate with politicians.
✅ 学术写作中,“be associated with” 是最常见表达之一,用于说明因果、关联、统计关系。
三、派生词与相关词(Derived Forms & Related Words)
词
词性
中文释义
示例
association
n.
协会;联系;联想
There’s a strong association between stress and illness.
associative
adj.
联想的;关联的
Memory is often based on associative processes.
disassociate
v.
使分离;使脱离
She disassociated herself from his political views.
associationism
n.
联想主义(心理学术语)
Associationism explores how ideas are linked in the mind.
四、同义词(Synonyms)
同义词
中文释义
语义区别
connect
连接;关联
普遍用语,涵盖物理和抽象连接
link
联系;连接
强调逻辑或因果关系
relate
关联;讲述
强调叙述或说明关系
combine
结合;联合
强调多个元素的融合
ally
结盟
正式,用于政治或组织
partner
搭档;合伙人
强调合作关系
五、常见搭配(Collocations)
搭配
中文释义
示例
be closely / strongly / directly associated with
与…密切相关
Air pollution is strongly associated with respiratory diseases.
positive / negative association
正/负相关
There is a negative association between stress and productivity.
social / business associate
社交 / 商业伙伴
He’s a business associate from the UK.
professional association
专业协会
She joined the Psychological Association last year.
六、IELTS 学术用法(IELTS Academic Usage)
✅ Writing Task 2 / Academic Writing
“associate” 常用于描述“因果关系”、“社会因素”、“学术关联”,属于高频学术动词。
常见句型:
A is closely associated with B. A 与 B 密切相关。 ➡ High sugar intake is closely associated with obesity. Factors associated with … include… 与…相关的因素包括… ➡ Factors associated with academic success include motivation and self-discipline. It is commonly associated with… 常被认为与…有关 ➡ Stress is commonly associated with modern urban lifestyles.
✅ Speaking
I usually associate summer with beaches and holidays. Many people associate success with having a lot of money.
七、语体与风格(Register & Tone)
场景
风格
说明
日常对话
中性
常用于联想、联系
学术写作
正式
“be associated with” 是学术高频结构
商业语境
正式
指“伙伴、同事”
社交语境
略带负面
“associate with bad people” 表示与坏人来往
八、总结表
项目
内容
词性
v. 动词;n. 名词;adj. 形容词
发音
/əˈsəʊʃieɪt/
中文释义
联想;联系;交往;伙伴;副的
常用结构
associate A with B;be associated with;associate with sb.
派生词
association, associative, disassociate
同义词
connect, link, relate, combine, partner
雅思用途
学术写作高频(表因果/关系);口语联想类常用
风格
正式、学术、逻辑型表达
