beetle
/ˈbiːtl/
noun & verb
Oxford + IELTS Academic 定义
1. 甲虫（n.）
an insect with a hard shell-like back, including many species.
例句（IELTS 环境/生物学类）：
Beetles play an important role in ecosystems as decomposers of plant material.
同义词（学术/正式）：
insect scarab (specific type) coleopteran (学术术语)
2. 突出或悬垂（v.）
to move in a clumsy, hurried, or threatening way; or to stick out.
例句（文学/描述类）：
The rock seemed to beetle over the edge of the cliff.
同义词：
protrude jut overhang
3. 匆忙移动（v.，非正式/口语）
He beetled off to catch the bus.
同义词：
dash hurry scuttle rush
派生词 / 相关词
beetle-like (adj.) — 甲虫般的 beetle-winged (adj.) — 有甲虫翅膀的 beetle-browed (adj., literary) — 眉毛浓密凸出 beetling (adj., literary) — 凸出的，耸起的
常用搭配（IELTS/学术）
beetle species（甲虫种类） beetle population（甲虫数量） ground beetle / dung beetle（地甲虫 / 粪甲虫） beetle over the cliff（文学描写岩石悬垂、突出）
before
/bɪˈfɔːr/（英） / /bɪˈfɔr/（美）
(preposition / conjunction / adverb / noun)
Oxford + IELTS Academic 定义
1. 在……之前（时间、顺序）
used to show that something happens earlier than something else.
例句（IELTS 写作/阅读）：
Students must submit their assignments before the deadline.
同义词（学术/正式）：
prior to earlier than preceding
常用搭配：
before long — 不久之后 just before — 紧接……之前 not long before — 不久前
2. 面前；在……前方（空间、位置）
in front of someone or something.
例句（IELTS 写作/地理类）：
The monument stands before the city hall.
同义词：
in front of ahead of opposite
3. （conjunction）在……之前；一旦发生
introduces a clause that indicates something happens earlier than another event.
例句：
Wash your hands before you eat.
4. （adverb）在以前；以前
at an earlier time.
例句：
He had never seen such a spectacular view before.
同义词：
previously formerly earlier
5. （formal/law）在……面前（场合/法庭）
appearing in front of someone in authority.
例句（IELTS 法律类）：
The case was presented before the Supreme Court.
派生词 / 相关词
beforehand /bɪˈfɔːrhænd/ (adv.) — 事先，提前 We should have prepared the report beforehand. beforetime (n., literary) — 以前的时代 In beforetime, horses were the main means of transport. before now (adv.) — 直到现在以前 He had never visited London before now. beforehandness (n.) — 提前准备（较少用）
常用搭配（IELTS 高频）
come before — （事件、问题）先于；呈交（委员会、法庭） before the law — 法律面前 before long — 很快 before anyone else — 在任何人之前
beg
/beɡ/
(verb)
Oxford + IELTS Academic 定义
1. 乞讨；请求施舍
to ask for food, money, or help because you are poor or in need.
例句（IELTS 社会问题类）：
In many urban areas, homeless people beg on the streets for food and money.
同义词（正式/学术替换）：
plead request ask for solicit
2. 恳求；迫切请求（正式/学术用法）
to ask for something in a very sincere or emotional way.
例句：
The villagers begged the government to provide aid after the flood.
同义词：
implore entreat petition appeal
3. 请求（用于礼貌或婉转语气）
I beg your pardon.（请求原谅/重说一遍）
派生词 / 相关词
beggar /ˈbeɡər/ (n.) — 乞丐；贫困者 begging (n.) — 乞讨；请求 beggarly /ˈbeɡərli/ (adj.) — 可怜的；微不足道的 begging bowl — 乞讨碗（常用于佛教僧侣）
常用搭配（IELTS/学术）
beg for mercy — 乞求宽恕 beg the question — （逻辑用法）提出问题 beg someone to do something — 恳求某人做某事 beg in the streets — 街头乞讨 beg assistance / help / aid — 请求援助
begin
/bɪˈɡɪn/
(verb — irregular: begin–began–begun)
Oxford + IELTS Academic 定义
1. 开始；着手做某事
to start doing something or to start to happen.
例句（IELTS 写作/阅读）：
Students should begin their research early to meet academic deadlines.
同义词（学术/正式）：
start commence initiate embark on set about
常用搭配：
begin with — 以……开始 The lecture began with a brief overview of the topic. begin to do something — 开始做某事 The committee began to review the proposals. begin by doing something — 以做……开始 She began by explaining the methodology.
2. 起源；发生
to originate; to have a particular starting point.
例句（IELTS 历史/地理类）：
The Industrial Revolution began in Britain in the late 18th century.
同义词：
originate arise emerge commence
3. （文学/正式）开始某种状态
to enter a particular condition or situation.
例句：
He began to feel anxious as the meeting approached.
同义词：
enter into start experiencing
派生词 / 相关词
beginner /ˈbɪɡɪnər/ (n.) — 初学者 This course is suitable for beginners. beginning /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/ (n.) — 开端；起点 The beginning of the experiment was carefully recorded. beginner-friendly (adj.) — 适合初学者的
常用搭配（IELTS/学术）
begin a project / study / research — 开始项目/研究 begin to notice / realize / understand — 开始注意/意识到 begin with a hypothesis / question — 从假设/问题开始 begin early / late — 提前/推迟开始
behalf
/bɪˈhɑːf/（英） / /bɪˈhæf/（美）
(noun)
Oxford + IELTS Academic 定义
1. 代表某人；为某人
used to say who is benefiting or who is being represented.
例句（IELTS 写作/学术礼仪类）：
The report was submitted on behalf of the research team.
The ambassador spoke on behalf of her government.
同义词（学术/正式替换）：
in the name of representing for on the part of
2. 支持或利益（正式用法）
to express support for someone or to act for their benefit.
例句（IELTS 社会学/法律类）：
Legal documents were signed on behalf of the minor.
同义词
for the benefit of in support of in favour of
派生词 / 相关词
on behalf of — 代表…… On behalf of the committee, I would like to thank everyone for their contribution. in somebody’s behalf — 为某人的利益 (较少用，常与“on behalf of”互换) behalfless (adj., rare) — 无代表性的，无代理的
常用搭配（IELTS/学术）
act on behalf of someone — 代表某人行动 speak on behalf of — 代表发言 submit a report / petition on behalf of — 代表提交报告/请愿书 in the interest of / on behalf of — 为……利益
behave
/bɪˈheɪv/
(verb)
Oxford + IELTS Academic 定义
1. 举止；表现
to act in a particular way, especially in a socially acceptable manner.
例句（IELTS 社会学/教育类）：
Children are expected to behave politely in the classroom.
同义词（学术/正式）：
act conduct oneself perform carry oneself
常用搭配：
behave well / badly / responsibly Students who behave responsibly are often rewarded. behave oneself — 举止端正 Please behave yourself during the ceremony.
2. 运作；起作用（formal / 技术语境）
to act or function in a particular way (for objects, systems, materials, chemicals, etc.)
例句（IELTS 科学/技术类）：
This material behaves differently under high pressure.
Subatomic particles behave unpredictably under certain conditions.
同义词
function perform operate react
派生词 / 相关词
behavior / behaviour /bɪˈheɪvjər/ (n.) — 行为；举止 The study analyzed the behavior of consumers in online markets. behavioural / behavioral /bɪˈheɪvjərəl/ (adj.) — 行为的；行为学的 Behavioral studies provide insights into human decision-making. misbehave (v.) — 行为不端 Pupils who misbehave may be sent to the principal’s office. misbehavior / misbehaviour (n.) — 不当行为 Teacher intervention is sometimes necessary to correct misbehavior. well-behaved / badly-behaved (adj.) — 举止良好 / 不良 Well-behaved students contribute to a positive learning environment.
常用搭配（IELTS/学术）
behave ethically / professionally / responsibly — 行为符合道德/职业规范 behave like… — 表现得像…… Teenagers often behave like adults in online forums. behave in accordance with… — 遵循……行事 behave differently under conditions — 在不同条件下表现不同（科学/技术类）
behind
/bɪˈhaɪnd/
(preposition / adverb / adjective / noun)
Oxford + IELTS Academic 定义
1. 在……后面（空间/位置）
at or toward the back of something or someone.
例句（IELTS 地理/生活类）：
The school is located behind the main library.
同义词（学术/正式替换）：
at the back of in the rear of following
常用搭配：
stand/sit behind — 站在/坐在……后面 leave something behind — 留下某物
2. 落后于（时间、进度、发展）
to fail to keep up with; to be late or delayed.
例句（IELTS 教育/经济类）：
Many students fell behind in their studies during the pandemic.
The country is behind in adopting new technologies.
同义词
lag behind trail be delayed
3. 支持；出于……原因（formal / literary）
used to indicate someone is responsible for or supports an action.
例句（IELTS 法律/社会类）：
The community was behind the initiative to reduce plastic use.
同义词
support endorse back
4. （adverb）滞后；落后
She is behind in her payments.
5. （noun）臀部（informal）
He slipped and fell on his behind.
派生词 / 相关词
behindhand (adj./adv.) — 落后的；迟延的 behind-the-scenes (adj.) — 幕后的；暗中的 behind-the-back (adj.) — 背后做的（秘密行为） leave behind — 留下；抛下 fall behind — 落后
常用搭配（IELTS/学术）
fall behind schedule / in studies / in technology — 落后于计划/学业/技术 stand behind someone / something — 支持某人或某事 behind the scenes of… — …幕后 leave something behind in history / memory / records — 留下……作为历史/记忆/记录
being
/ˈbiːɪŋ/
(noun / verb — present participle of “be”)
Oxford + IELTS Academic 定义
1. 存在；生命；生物
the fact of existing; a living creature.
例句（IELTS 哲学/生物学类）：
Human beings have complex social structures and cultural practices.
All living beings rely on a balanced ecosystem for survival.
同义词（学术/正式）：
creature organism entity life form
2. 本质；存在状态（formal / philosophical）
the nature or essence of a person or thing.
例句（IELTS 哲学/文学类）：
The concept of being and nothingness is central in existential philosophy.
同义词
existence essence entity self
3. 动词形式（现在分词 of “be”）
used in continuous tenses or as part of passive constructions.
例句（IELTS 写作/学术类）：
Being aware of the environmental impact is essential for sustainable development.
Students are being taught new methods of research.
派生词 / 相关词
well-being /ˌwelˈbiːɪŋ/ (n.) — 健康，幸福 Policies that promote mental well-being are essential in schools. human being — 人类 living being — 生物 state of being — 存在状态；生存状态
常用搭配（IELTS/学术）
human beings / living beings — 人类 / 生物 being aware of / conscious of — 意识到 well-being of someone / society — 某人或社会的幸福 the act of being — 存在的行为（哲学/文学类） being responsible / accountable — 承担责任
belief
/bɪˈliːf/
(noun)
Oxford + IELTS Academic 定义
1. 信念；信仰（思想、宗教、理念）
a strong feeling that something is true or that it exists.
例句（IELTS 社会学/宗教/心理学类）：
Religious beliefs influence moral values and social behavior.
Her belief in the importance of education guided her career choices.
同义词（学术/正式）：
conviction faith trust confidence ideology
常用搭配：
hold a belief — 怀有信念 strong/firm/deep belief — 坚定的信念 belief system — 信仰体系
2. 信任；相信
the feeling of confidence in the truth or reliability of something.
例句（IELTS 社会学/心理学类）：
Public belief in scientific research is crucial for policy-making.
同义词
confidence trust reliance acceptance
3. 看法；意见（formal / academic）
an opinion or judgment about something.
例句（IELTS 写作/讨论类）：
There is a common belief that urbanization improves living standards.
同义词
view opinion judgment perspective
派生词 / 相关词
believe /bɪˈliːv/ (v.) — 相信 She believes that climate change is a serious issue. believer /bɪˈliːvər/ (n.) — 信徒；信仰者 Believers attended the ceremony in large numbers. unbelievable /ˌʌnbɪˈliːvəbl/ (adj.) — 难以置信的 The results of the experiment were unbelievable. beliefs (plural noun) — 信仰体系或多重信念 Cultural beliefs shape societal norms and behaviors.
常用搭配（IELTS/学术）
religious / political / cultural beliefs — 宗教/政治/文化信仰 core / fundamental belief — 核心信念 belief in science / democracy / human rights — 对科学/民主/人权的信仰 challenge / question / reinforce a belief — 挑战/质疑/强化信念 belief system — 信仰体系或价值体系
bell
/bel/
(noun & verb)
Oxford + IELTS Academic 定义
1. 铃；钟（n.）
a hollow device, usually made of metal, that makes a ringing sound when struck.
例句（IELTS 日常生活/文化类）：
The school bell rings at 8:30 a.m. to signal the start of classes.
Church bells are often used to mark important ceremonies.
同义词（学术/正式替换）：
chime gong carillon (用于大型钟楼) toll
常用搭配：
door bell / alarm bell — 门铃 / 警报钟 school bell / church bell — 学校铃 / 教堂钟 ring a bell — （引起回忆或联想）
2. 形状像钟的物体（n., metaphorical / technical）
used to describe anything with a bell-like shape.
例句（IELTS 科学/自然类）：
The jellyfish has a translucent bell that pulsates to propel it through water.
同义词
dome cup-shaped structure corolla (植物学)
3. （动词）敲铃；发出铃声
to make a bell sound.
例句（IELTS 文化/学校类）：
The receptionist belled the announcement for the guests to gather.
同义词
chime ring toll
派生词 / 相关词
bell-like (adj.) — 铃状的；钟形的 The flower has bell-like petals. bell-shaped (adj.) — 钟形的 The bell-shaped curve is used to represent normal distribution in statistics. bellringer / bell-ringer (n.) — 敲钟者 The church bellringer performed every Sunday morning. doorbell — 门铃 cowbell — 牛铃 alarm bell — 警报铃
常用搭配（IELTS/学术）
ring the bell / chime the bell — 敲铃 bell curve / bell-shaped distribution — 钟形曲线（统计学） school / church / alarm bell — 学校/教堂/警报钟 sound the bell — 发出信号或提示 doorbell rings — 门铃响
belly
/ˈbeli/
(noun & verb)
Oxford + IELTS Academic 定义
1. 腹部；胃（n.）
the front part of the human or animal body between the chest and the pelvis.
例句（IELTS 健康/医学类）：
Excessive fat around the belly can increase the risk of heart disease.
The doctor examined the patient’s belly for signs of tenderness.
同义词（学术/正式替换）：
abdomen stomach midsection gut (informal)
常用搭配：
pregnant belly — 怀孕的腹部 round belly / big belly — 圆腹 / 大腹 belly pain / bellyache — 腹痛
2. （informal）食量；胃口
the stomach as an indicator of appetite or hunger.
例句（IELTS 健康/饮食类）：
He has a large belly and enjoys hearty meals.
同义词
gut stomach appetite
3. （动词）鼓起；膨胀
to swell outwards; to bulge.
例句（IELTS 科学/技术类）：
The sails of the ship bellied in the strong wind.
The bag bellied out with groceries.
同义词
bulge swell distend protrude
派生词 / 相关词
bellyful (n., informal) — 充分的一顿 / 充分体验 He had a bellyful of trouble dealing with bureaucracy. belly-button / navel — 肚脐 bellyache (n./v.) — 腹痛；抱怨 belly-dancer (n.) — 肚皮舞者 bellied (adj.) — 膨胀的；鼓出的 A bellied bag stretched at the seams.
常用搭配（IELTS/学术）
big / round / pregnant belly — 大/圆/怀孕的腹部 belly fat / belly size — 腹部脂肪 / 腹围 bellied out / bellied up — 膨胀 / 堆积 bellyache about something — 抱怨某事 belly dancing / dancer — 肚皮舞 / 舞者
belong
/bɪˈlɒŋ/（英） / /bɪˈlɔːŋ/（美）
(verb)
Oxford + IELTS Academic 定义
1. 属于（所有关系）
to be the property of someone; to be rightly part of something.
例句（IELTS 社会学/法律类）：
This book belongs to the university library.
The paintings belong to a private collector.
同义词（正式/学术）：
be owned by pertain to be the property of
常用搭配：
belong to someone / something — 属于某人/某物 rightfully belong — 合法属于
2. 应该在某处（归属感/社会/群体）
to be in the correct place or environment; to feel comfortable in a group or location.
例句（IELTS 社会学/心理学类）：
Students often seek communities where they feel they belong.
She belongs in a team of creative thinkers.
同义词
fit in be suited to be appropriate for be part of
常用搭配：
belong somewhere — 适合在某处 feel you belong — 感到归属 where you truly belong — 真正属于的地方
3. （formal/law）归属于法律或责任范围）
used in legal or formal contexts to indicate possession, rights, or obligations.
例句（IELTS 法律/商业类）：
All profits from the project belong to the shareholders.
同义词
accrue to vest in
派生词 / 相关词
belonging /bɪˈlɒŋɪŋ/ (n.) — 所有物；归属感 He packed all his belongings before moving to the new city. Sense of belonging is important for mental health. belonger (n., rare) — 拥有者 belongings (plural noun) — 财产，个人物品
常用搭配（IELTS/学术）
belong to a club / organization / community — 属于某俱乐部/组织/社区 feel a sense of belonging — 感到归属感 rights belong to someone — 权利归属于某人 personal belongings / property — 个人物品 / 财产 truly belong somewhere — 真正属于某处
beloved
/bɪˈlʌvɪd/
(adjective & noun)
Oxford + IELTS Academic 定义
1. 心爱的；深受喜爱的（adjective）
dearly loved; cherished.
例句（IELTS 文学/文化类）：
She gazed at her beloved city from the hilltop.
He wrote poems for his beloved wife.
同义词（学术/正式）：
dear cherished treasured precious adored
常用搭配：
beloved friend / family member / spouse — 心爱的朋友/家人/配偶 beloved homeland / city / country — 心爱的家园/城市/国家
2. 被爱的人（noun）
a person who is dearly loved.
例句（IELTS 文学/社会类）：
The king mourned for his beloved after her passing.
同义词
darling loved one dear one treasure
3. 文学/宗教用法
used in literature, poetry, or religious texts to express affection or devotion.
例句（IELTS 文学/文化类）：
“Beloved” is a recurring theme in Victorian poetry, often symbolizing ideal love.
派生词 / 相关词
belovedness (n., rare) — 被爱；受宠 belove (v., archaic/poetic) — 喜爱，深爱 belovedly (adv., rare/poetic) — 深情地
常用搭配（IELTS/学术）
my beloved / our beloved — 我心爱的/我们深爱的 beloved community / institution / city — 心爱的社区/机构/城市 cherished and beloved — 珍爱且心爱的（文学/正式文体） beloved deceased / departed — 已故心爱的人（正式/纪念文体）
below
/bɪˈləʊ/
(adverb, preposition)
Oxford + IELTS Academic 定义
1. 在……下面；在较低处（adv./prep.）
at a lower level or position than something else.
例句（IELTS 地理/科学类）：
Temperatures below zero are common in this region.
The village lies below the mountain ridge.
同义词：
underneath beneath lower than at the bottom of
2. 低于某数量、标准、等级（adv./prep.）
less than a particular amount or standard.
例句（IELTS 学术类）：
Children below the age of five receive free healthcare.
Scores below 6.0 may not meet the university’s requirement.
3. 在文本下方（adv.）
further down the page or text.
例句（IELTS 写作技巧）：
The table below shows the changes in population.
常见搭配（IELTS 图表描述常用）：
as shown below see below the chart below the information below illustrates…
派生词 / 相关词
“below” 本身是完整词，一般不产生词形变化，但常与以下词组形成固定表达：
below average — 低于平均水平 below capacity — 低于产能 below freezing — 零度以下 below the surface — 表面之下（字面/隐喻）
更多例句（IELTS 风格）
Sea life thrives in the darker waters below. Students below proficiency level require additional support. The explanation is provided in the section below.
❄🌸Snow Cherry Blossom🌸❄ 