bestow
/bɪˈstəʊ/
verb（正式）
释义（Oxford）
1. 授予；给予（正式，用于荣誉、礼物、权利等）
to give something valuable, important, or honorable to someone.
例句（IELTS 写作/口语可用）:
The university bestowed an honorary degree on the scientist for her contributions to climate research.
常见搭配（Collocations）
bestow sth on/upon sb → 授予某人某物 bestow honor → 授予荣誉 bestow a title → 给予头衔 bestow blessings → 赐福（文学/宗教语境）
同义词（高级词汇，可用于雅思写作）
confer（授予学位、头衔） grant（正式给予） present（颁发） award（授予奖励、奖项）
派生词 / 相关词
bestowal /bɪˈstəʊəl/, n. 授予；赋予 bestowed adj.（过去分词作形容词）被授予的
IELTS 示例句（写作/口语）
The government bestowed several awards on individuals who demonstrated exceptional civic responsibility. Such privileges should not be bestowed without careful evaluation. The title was bestowed upon him in recognition of his lifelong dedication to education.
下面是 “bet” 的 牛津词典 + 雅思学术版词条（含读音、词性、释义、短语、派生词、同义词、例句）。
bet
/bet/
verb, noun
释义（Oxford）
1.（v.）打赌；赌钱；猜测某事可能发生
to risk money or guess confidently that something will happen.
例句：
I bet he will pass the exam with a high score.
2.（n.）打赌；赌注；有把握的选择
an agreement that you will win or lose money depending on the outcome; also something considered a likely choice.
例句：
That company seems a safe bet for long-term investment.
常见搭配（Collocations）
bet on sth/sb → 押注于…… place a bet → 下赌注 win/lose a bet → 赢/输赌注 safe bet → 稳妥的选择 my bet is… → 我猜……
同义词（Synonyms）
v. 动词
wager gamble speculate（比喻：猜测）
n. 名词
wager stake（赌注） speculation（猜测）
派生词（Derivatives）
bettor /ˈbetər/ → 赌徒（美式） betting /ˈbetɪŋ/ → 赌博活动；博彩 better（不同词义）→ 赌徒（英式非正式）
雅思示例句（IELTS style）
Many people bet on the outcome of major sports events, despite the financial risks involved. In discussions about future technology, my bet is that artificial intelligence will play a dominant role. Online betting has raised concerns about addiction among young adults.
下面是 “betray” 的 牛津词典 + 雅思学术版词条（含读音、词性、释义、短语、派生词、同义词、例句）。
betray
/bɪˈtreɪ/
verb
释义（Oxford）
1. 背叛；出卖（某人、国家、信任等）
to be disloyal to someone or something; to reveal information to an enemy.
例句：
He betrayed his country by giving military secrets to foreign agents.
2. （无意中）暴露；显露出
to show something unintentionally; to reveal feelings or thoughts.
例句：
Her voice betrayed her nervousness.
3. 辜负（期望、信任等）
to disappoint someone by not doing what you promised.
例句：
I felt betrayed when he broke his promise.
常见搭配（Collocations）
betray sb’s trust → 辜负某人的信任 betray a secret → 泄露秘密 betray one’s feelings → 流露情绪 betray the country → 背叛国家
同义词（Synonyms）
be disloyal double-cross（口语：出卖） deceive（欺骗） give away（泄露） reveal（暴露） let down（辜负）
派生词（Derivatives）
betrayal /bɪˈtreɪəl/ → 背叛；出卖 betrayer /bɪˈtreɪər/ → 背叛者
雅思示例句（IELTS style）
The whistleblower claimed that he acted out of a sense of justice rather than a desire to betray his employer. Leaking confidential information can be seen as a serious betrayal of professional ethics. Nonverbal cues often betray emotions that people try to hide during interviews.
下面是 “better” 的 牛津词典 + 雅思学术版完整词条（含读音、词性、释义、短语、派生词、同义词、例句）。
better
/ˈbetər/
一、词性与释义（Oxford）
1. adj. 更好的；较优的
of a higher standard; more suitable or desirable.
例句：
This method is better for long-term learning.
2. adv. 更好地；更有效地
to a greater degree or in a more effective way.
例句：
She speaks English better than before.
3. verb（少用）：改善；超越
to improve; to surpass.
例句：
He hopes to better his performance this year.
4. noun（少用）：优势；上风
a more virtuous person; someone who is socially superior.
（多用于固定表达 your betters）
例句：
You should show respect to your betters.
二、常见搭配（Collocations）
better off → 境况更好 better still → 更好的是 get better → 变好；康复 know better → 懂得分辨是非 better than nothing → 总比没有好 for better or worse → 不论好坏；无论结果如何
三、同义词（Synonyms）
adj.（更好的）
superior improved preferable enhanced
adv.（更好地）
more effectively more successfully more suitably
verb（改善）
improve enhance refine upgrade
四、派生词（Derivatives）
betterment /ˈbetərmənt/** n.** 改进；改善 better-off /ˌbetər ˈɔːf/** adj.** 富裕的；境况更好 better-known /ˌbetər ˈnəʊn/** adj.** 更有名的
五、雅思示例句（IELTS style）
To achieve better academic outcomes, students need consistent study habits. Many countries are adopting better strategies to address climate change. Access to better healthcare significantly improves life expectancy.
下面是 “between” 的 牛津词典（Oxford）+ 雅思学术 版本完整词条（含读音、释义、短语、派生词〔若有〕、同义词、例句）。
between
/bɪˈtwiːn/
prep. / adv.
一、词性与释义（Oxford）
1. prep. 在……之间（两者之间）
in or into the space separating two things or people.
例句：
The ball rolled between the two chairs.
2. prep. （数字、年龄、时间等）在……范围之间
in the period, distance, amount, etc. from one to the other.
例句：
The class lasts between 9 and 10 a.m.
3. prep. 两者共享；由双方共同承担
shared by two people or groups.
例句：
The cost will be divided between us.
4. prep. 在……之中；影响两者关系
involving two people or groups and affecting their relationship.
例句：
There is a good understanding between the teachers and students.
5. adv.（少用）在两者之间
in the time, space, or interval separating two places or moments.
例句：
We stopped several times on the road, but the journey between was easy.
二、常见短语（Collocations & Phrases）
between you and me → 你我之间（保密） between times → 其间 between the lines → 字里行间 between two worlds → 身处两种环境之间 between jobs → 暂时失业
三、同义词（Synonyms）
（注：between 是介词，没有完全等价的同义词，下列为语义相近的在语境中替换用法）
among（用于三者及以上） in the middle of shared by connecting
四、派生词（Derivatives）
between 作为介词本身 无正式派生词，但与词根构成的常见相关形式包括：
in-between /ˌɪn bɪˈtwiːn/** n./adj.** 中间状态；折中 between-times（较少用）→ 其间；在中途
五、雅思例句（IELTS style）
The relationship between education and income has been widely studied. There is a significant difference between urban and rural lifestyles. Effective communication between team members improves project outcomes.
下面是 “beverage” 的 牛津词典 + 雅思学术版 完整词条（含读音、释义、同义词、派生词、例句）。
beverage
/ˈbevərɪdʒ/
n. （正式用语）
一、释义（Oxford）
1. （除水以外的）任何饮料
a drink of any type except water, especially one other than alcohol.
例句：
Tea is the most widely consumed beverage in the world.
说明：
通常用于正式、商业或食品行业的语境。
二、常见搭配（Collocations）
hot beverages 热饮 cold beverages 冷饮 beverage industry 饮料行业 non-alcoholic beverages 无酒精饮料 beverage container 饮料包装
三、同义词（Synonyms）
（按语体区分）
正式/学术：
drink refreshment potable（更正式）
日常：
drink refreshment
四、派生词（Derivatives）
beverage-maker n. 饮料机 beverage production n. 饮料生产（行业常用） beverage-service n. 饮品服务
（注：beverage 无传统语言学派生词，但行业派生结构常见。）
五、雅思学术例句（IELTS style）
The global beverage market has expanded significantly over the past decade. Consumers are increasingly choosing healthier beverages, such as low-sugar teas. Packaging plays a critical role in the marketing of beverages.
下面是 “beware” 的 牛津英语词典 + 雅思学术标准完整版词条（含读音、释义、同义词、搭配、例句）。
beware
/bɪˈweə(r)/
(v.) （常用于命令式或警告性语境）
一、释义（Oxford）
1. 当心；注意；提防
to be careful about something; to be aware that something/someone may be dangerous or cause problems.
例句：
You should beware of giving your personal information online.
2. （用于警告）小心……！
used to warn someone of danger.
例句：
Beware the dog.
二、语法说明
不及物动词：beware of sth / beware of doing sth 也可直接用于祈使句：Beware! 正式中常出现结构：Beware that…（较少用）
三、常见搭配（Collocations）
beware of dogs beware of fraud / scams beware of falling rocks beware when travelling alone consumers should beware that prices may rise
四、同义词（Synonyms）
（按语体分类）
常用：
watch out be careful take care be cautious
更正式 / 学术：
be alert be vigilant exercise caution
五、常见派生搭配（Derivatives / Forms）
（beware 作为单词本身 无传统派生词，但常形成固定结构）
beware of （固定搭配） buyer beware（法律/商业术语，“买者自负”） let the buyer beware = caveat emptor
六、雅思学术例句（IELTS style）
Travellers are advised to beware of online booking scams, which have increased significantly in recent years. Consumers should beware that low-cost products may compromise safety standards. Researchers warn the public to beware of misleading statistics circulating on social media.
下面是 “bewilder” 的 牛津英语词典 + 雅思学术标准完整版词条（含读音、释义、同义词、派生词、搭配、例句）。
bewilder
/bɪˈwɪldə(r)/
verb（及物动词）
一、释义（Oxford）
1. 使困惑；使迷惑；使不知所措
to confuse someone very much; to make someone feel lost or unable to understand something.
例句：
The complex instructions completely bewildered the students.
二、常用结构（Grammar & Usage）
bewilder sb be bewildered by sth（被动常用） bewildering 用于形容事物令人费解
三、同义词（Synonyms）
常用：
confuse puzzle perplex baffle
更正式 / 学术：
confound mystify bemuse
四、派生词（Derivatives）
bewildered adj. 困惑的；不知所措的 She looked bewildered by the sudden news. bewildering adj. 令人困惑的；令人眼花缭乱的 The city’s transport system can be bewildering for newcomers. bewilderingly adv. 令人困惑地；难以理解地
五、常见搭配（Collocations）
bewilder the audience bewilder customers with choices be bewildered by the results a bewildering variety of options a bewildering array of data
六、雅思学术例句（IELTS style）
Many international students are initially bewildered by the academic referencing system used in universities. The rapid pace of technological development can be bewildering for older generations. Participants reported feeling bewildered by the conflicting information presented in the survey.
下面是 “beyond” 的 牛津英语词典 + 雅思学术标准完整词条（含读音、释义、同义词、派生搭配、例句）。
beyond
/bɪˈjɒnd/
prep., adv.
一、释义（Oxford）
1.（prep.）在……之外；在……的那一边
on or to the further side of something.
例句：
The village lies beyond the mountains.
2.（prep.）超出……范围；能力之外
too difficult or far to be achieved or understood.
例句：
The problem is beyond my understanding.
3.（prep.）迟于；晚于（时间）
later than a particular point in time.
例句：
The project cannot continue beyond 2025.
4.（prep.）除……之外
apart from; besides.（较少见，正式）
例句：
Beyond the financial issues, the company also faces legal challenges.
5.（adv.）在更远处；往更远的地方
further away.
例句：
Look beyond and you’ll see the coastline.
二、常见固定搭配（Collocations）
beyond doubt 毫无疑问 beyond control 失去控制 beyond recognition 面目全非 beyond repair 无法修复 beyond expectation 超出预期 beyond belief 难以置信 beyond measure 极其
三、同义词（Synonyms）
表示“更远”时：
further past
表示“超出能力或范围”时：
outside exceeding surpassing（更正式）
表示“除此之外”时：
aside from besides
四、派生词（Derivatives / related forms）
“beyond” 为介词/副词 不产生传统派生词，但有许多固定表达：
the great beyond（文学）来生/死亡之后 beyond comparison 无法相比 beyond question 无疑
五、雅思学术例句（IELTS style）
The impact of climate change extends far beyond environmental concerns, influencing economic and political systems as well. Digital literacy is essential in modern education and goes beyond the ability to use a computer. The benefits of the new policy were found to go beyond its initial economic goals.
下面是 “bias” 的 牛津英语词典 + 雅思学术标准完整词条（含读音、释义、同义词、派生词、搭配、例句）。
bias
/ˈbaɪəs/
n. & v.
一、释义（Oxford）
（名词 n.）
1. 偏见；偏心；成见
an unfair preference for or dislike of something/someone.
例句：
The study revealed a strong gender bias in recruitment.
2. 偏向；倾向性（数据、研究、判断中的系统偏误）
a situation in which results are influenced by a particular factor in a way that is not correct or fair.
例句：
Sampling bias can significantly affect the validity of research.
（动词 v.）
3. 使有偏见；使倾向于
to influence someone or something in a way that is unfair.
例句：
The media coverage biased public opinion.
二、常见搭配（Collocations）
bias against 对……的偏见 bias in favor of 偏向于…… racial / gender / cultural bias 种族/性别/文化偏见 political bias 政治偏见 research / sampling bias 研究偏误 biased interpretation 有偏见的解读 unbiased data 无偏数据
三、同义词（Synonyms）
表示“偏见”时：
prejudice partiality discrimination favoritism
学术/科学中“偏差”含义：
distortion skew systematic error
表示“偏向”某一方：
incline influence sway
四、派生词（Derivatives）
biased /ˈbaɪəst/ adj. 有偏见的；偏向的 The report was criticized as biased. unbiased /ʌnˈbaɪəst/ adj. 无偏见的；公正的 Researchers must remain unbiased. bias-free adj. 无偏差的；不带偏见的（学术常用） biassing / biasing n./adj. 产生偏差的（技术和统计领域）
五、雅思学术例句（IELTS style）
Researchers must ensure that their methods are free from sampling bias. The study found evidence of unconscious bias affecting hiring decisions. Media reports that are heavily biased can distort public understanding of scientific issues.
下面是 “Bible” 的 牛津英语词典 + 雅思学术标准完整词条（含读音、释义、同义词、派生词、搭配、例句）。
Bible
/ˈbaɪbl/
n.
一、释义（Oxford）
1. 圣经（基督教或犹太教经典）
the collection of sacred books of Judaism or Christianity, considered by believers to be authoritative and inspired by God.
例句（学术/宗教研究可用）：
The Bible has had a profound influence on Western literature and culture.
2. 权威著作；指南书（比喻用法）
a book or publication regarded as a definitive authority on a particular subject.
例句：
For gardeners, this encyclopedia is the bible of plant care.
二、常见搭配（Collocations）
Holy Bible / the Bible → 圣经 read the Bible → 阅读圣经 according to the Bible → 根据圣经 Bible study → 圣经学习 / 研读 bible of sth → …的权威书籍 go down in the Bible → 被记载于圣经（文学/宗教用）
三、同义词（Synonyms）
宗教语境
Scripture Holy Writ Testament Sacred text
比喻/学术语境
authoritative guide reference book manual handbook
四、派生词（Derivatives）
biblical /ˈbɪblɪkəl/ adj. 与圣经相关的；圣经中的 Biblical stories have inspired countless works of art. biblically adv. 根据圣经；以圣经方式 The event is biblically significant. Bible-based adj. 基于圣经的 Bible-based teachings are central to many Christian schools.
五、雅思学术例句（IELTS style）
The Bible has influenced art, literature, and law throughout history. Biblical narratives often provide insight into the moral values of ancient societies. For many, this handbook is considered the bible of modern computer programming.
下面是 “bicycle” 的 牛津英语词典 + 雅思学术标准完整词条（含读音、释义、派生词、短语、同义词、例句）。
bicycle
/ˈbaɪsɪkl/
n. & v.
一、释义（Oxford）
1. 名词 n. 自行车
a vehicle with two wheels that you ride by pushing its pedals with your feet.
例句（学术/日常可用）：
Many cities are investing in bicycle lanes to encourage sustainable transportation.
2. 动词 v. 骑自行车
to ride a bicycle.
例句：
She bicycles to work every morning.
二、常见搭配（Collocations）
ride a bicycle 骑自行车 bicycle lane / path 自行车道 mount / dismount a bicycle 上/下自行车 bicycle helmet 自行车头盔 bicycle sharing scheme 自行车共享计划 bicycle race / competition 自行车赛
三、同义词（Synonyms）
bike（口语常用） cycle（英式常用） two-wheeler（技术/学术语境，少用）
四、派生词（Derivatives）
bicyclist / cyclist n. 自行车骑手 bicycling / cycling n./v. 骑自行车，骑行运动 bicycle-friendly adj. 适合骑自行车的 bicycle-sharing n. 自行车共享（公共交通相关）
五、雅思学术例句（IELTS style）
Urban planners are promoting bicycle use to reduce traffic congestion and pollution. Regular bicycling is associated with improved cardiovascular health. The government introduced a bicycle-sharing scheme to encourage eco-friendly commuting.
下面是 “bid” 的 牛津英语词典 + 雅思学术标准完整词条（含读音、释义、派生词、搭配、同义词、例句）。
bid
/bɪd/
n. & v.
一、释义（Oxford）
1. 动词 v. 出价；投标
to offer a particular amount of money for something, especially at an auction or in a contract tender.
例句：
Several companies bid for the government contract.
2. 动词 v. 努力争取；尝试获得
to try to achieve or obtain something.
例句：
The team bid for the championship title.
3. 动词 v. 问候；致意（正式/文学）
to say something in a formal way, especially to greet or wish someone well.
例句：
He bid her farewell before leaving.
4. 名词 n. 出价；投标
an offer of a particular amount of money for something, especially at an auction or in a contract tender.
例句：
Her bid for the painting was the highest.
二、常见搭配（Collocations）
place a bid → 出价 submit a bid → 提交投标 win / lose a bid → 赢得/输掉投标 bid for power / control → 争取权力/控制 bid farewell / goodbye → 道别 bid price → 出价
三、同义词（Synonyms）
出价 / 投标：
offer tender propose
努力争取 / 尝试获得：
compete for strive for attempt
问候 / 致意：
greet salute wish
四、派生词（Derivatives）
bidding n./adj. 出价，投标；竞价中的 The bidding for the contract lasted several days. bidder n. 出价人，投标人 The highest bidder won the auction.
五、雅思学术例句（IELTS style）
Several international firms placed bids for the construction project. The company made a successful bid to acquire its competitor. In a formal ceremony, delegates bid farewell to the outgoing president.
下面是 “big” 的 牛津英语词典 + 雅思学术标准完整词条（含读音、释义、派生词、搭配、同义词、例句）。
big
/bɪɡ/
adj.
一、释义（Oxford）
1. 大的；尺寸大的
of considerable size, extent, or intensity.
例句：
The company has a big factory in the industrial zone.
2. 重要的；重大的；有影响力的
important, significant, or influential.
例句：
This is a big decision that will affect many people.
3. 富裕的；有权势的（非正式用法）
wealthy or powerful.
例句：
He’s a big man in the world of finance.
4. 成熟的；成人的（口语，少用）
fully grown or mature.
例句：
The kids are getting big now.
二、常见搭配（Collocations）
big deal → 大事；重要的事 big problem / issue → 大问题 big name → 知名人物 big business → 大企业 big city → 大城市 big impact / effect → 巨大影响 think big → 放眼未来；有远大志向
三、同义词（Synonyms）
尺寸、体积大：
large huge enormous massive substantial
重要、重大：
significant major considerable influential consequential
富裕、有权势：
powerful influential wealthy
四、派生词（Derivatives）
bigger adj. 比较级，更大的；更重要的 biggest adj. 最高级，最大的；最重要的 bigly adv. （非正式/幽默）很大程度地；巨大地（口语、新闻常用）
五、雅思学术例句（IELTS style）
Urbanization has had a big impact on the environment in developing countries. Investing in renewable energy is a big step towards reducing carbon emissions. The discovery of antibiotics was a big breakthrough in medical science.
下面是 “bike” 的 牛津英语词典 + 雅思学术标准完整词条（含读音、释义、派生词、搭配、同义词、例句）。
bike
/baɪk/
n. & v.
一、释义（Oxford）
1. 名词 n. 自行车
a bicycle.
例句：
He rides his bike to school every day.
2. 名词 n. 摩托车（口语）
a motorcycle (informal).
例句：
He bought a new bike last weekend.
3. 动词 v. 骑自行车
to ride a bicycle.
例句：
She bikes to work to reduce her carbon footprint.
二、常见搭配（Collocations）
ride a bike → 骑自行车 bike lane / path → 自行车道 mount / dismount a bike → 上/下自行车 bike helmet → 自行车头盔 bike ride / journey → 骑行 bike sharing scheme → 自行车共享计划
三、同义词（Synonyms）
bicycle（正式/书面语） cycle（英式常用） two-wheeler（技术/学术语境）
摩托车语境：
motorcycle motorbike
四、派生词（Derivatives）
biker n. 骑自行车的人；摩托车骑士 biking / cycling n./v. 骑自行车运动 bike-friendly adj. 适合骑自行车的 bike-sharing n. 自行车共享（公共交通相关）
五、雅思学术例句（IELTS style）
Cities are developing bike-friendly infrastructure to encourage sustainable commuting. Regular biking contributes to better physical and mental health. The government introduced a bike-sharing scheme to reduce urban traffic congestion.
下面是 “bill” 的 牛津英语词典 + 雅思学术标准完整词条（含读音、释义、派生词、搭配、同义词、例句）。
bill
/bɪl/
n. & v.
一、释义（Oxford）
1. 名词 n. 账单；费用单
a written statement of money owed for goods or services.
例句：
The restaurant gave us the bill after dinner.
2. 名词 n. 法案；议案
a proposed law presented to a parliament or legislative body.
例句：
The government introduced a new bill to improve education standards.
3. 名词 n. 广告宣传单；节目单
a public notice or display of events, performances, or advertisements.
例句：
The theatre displayed the bill for the upcoming plays.
4. 名词 n. 鸟喙
the beak of a bird.
例句：
The pelican has a large bill for catching fish.
5. 动词 v. 开账单；宣传
to send a statement of money owed (bill someone for) to advertise or present (bill a performance)
例句：
The hotel billed us for the room service.
The festival was billed as the biggest event of the year.
二、常见搭配（Collocations）
pay the bill → 付账 settle / clear the bill → 结清账单 draft / introduce a bill → 起草/提交法案 bill for sth → …的账单 on the bill → 节目安排中
三、同义词（Synonyms）
账单语境：
invoice statement check（美式口语）
法案语境：
act (after being passed) legislation proposal
宣传 / 节目单语境：
poster flyer program
鸟喙语境：
beak
四、派生词（Derivatives）
billing n./v. 开账单；广告宣传 The company handles all billing online. billable adj. 可开账单的，可收费的 Law firms track billable hours carefully. biller n. 开账单的人或公司
五、雅思学术例句（IELTS style）
The parliament debated a new bill aimed at reducing air pollution. Restaurants are increasingly providing digital bills to improve customer convenience. The festival was billed as the largest cultural event in the region.
下面是 “billion” 的 牛津英语词典 + 雅思学术标准完整词条（含读音、释义、派生词、搭配、同义词、例句）。
billion
/ˈbɪljən/
n.
一、释义（Oxford）
1. 十亿
the number 1,000,000,000 (10^9) — 美式英语；在英式英语中，有时指 1,000,000,000,000 (10^12)，但现代多数情况下统一为 10^9。
例句：
The company is worth over five billion dollars.
2. 形容极大量（非正式用法）
used informally to refer to a very large number.
例句：
There are billions of stars in the galaxy.
二、常见搭配（Collocations）
billions of people / stars / dollars → 数十亿人/星星/美元 a billion-dollar project → 十亿美元的项目 worth billions → 值数十亿美元 spend billions on sth → 在……上花费数十亿美元 billions in debt / revenue → 数十亿美元的债务/收入
三、同义词（Synonyms）
10^9（数学符号表示法） thousanda million（英式旧用法） countless / innumerable（非正式、学术形容巨大数量）
四、派生词（Derivatives）
billionaire n. 亿万富翁 He became a billionaire through his tech company. billionth n./adj. 第十亿（分之一） The billionth visitor was given a prize. multi-billion adj. 数十亿美元的 The multi-billion-dollar investment created thousands of jobs.
五、雅思学术例句（IELTS style）
The government plans to invest billions in renewable energy over the next decade. Billions of people worldwide rely on mobile phones for daily communication. Global corporations generate billions of dollars in annual revenue, contributing significantly to the economy.
下面是 “bind” 的 牛津英语词典 + 雅思学术标准完整词条（含读音、释义、派生词、搭配、同义词、例句）。
bind
/baɪnd/
v.（及物动词）
一、释义（Oxford）
1. 捆绑；绑紧
to tie something tightly or hold it firmly.
例句：
She bound the packages with string.
2. 约束；限制；使负有义务
to make someone feel obligated or committed to do something.
例句：
The contract binds the company to provide services for five years.
3. 使结合；使联合
to join or fasten things together.
例句：
These sheets are bound together with adhesive.
4. （法律或道德）约束某人
to make someone legally or morally responsible.
例句：
Employees are bound by the company’s code of conduct.
二、常见搭配（Collocations）
bind someone to a contract → 让某人受合同约束 bind together / bind with → 联合起来/用……绑 bound by law / duty / promise → 受法律/职责/承诺约束 bind up → 包扎，包好 bind over → 法律术语：保释，留保候审
三、同义词（Synonyms）
tie fasten secure oblige constrain restrict unite
四、派生词（Derivatives）
binding adj. 有约束力的；必须遵守的 The treaty is legally binding on all parties. binder n. 活页夹；装订者；粘合剂 She put the documents in a binder. bound adj. 受约束的；必定的 He is bound to obey the rules.
五、雅思学术例句（IELTS style）
International treaties bind countries to certain environmental standards. The contract legally binds the company to deliver the project on time. The fabric is bound together using modern adhesive technology for durability.
下面是 “biography” 的 牛津英语词典 + 雅思学术标准完整词条（含读音、释义、派生词、搭配、同义词、例句）。
biography
/baɪˈɒɡrəfi/
n.
一、释义（Oxford）
1. 传记
the story of a person’s life written by someone else.
例句（学术/文学可用）：
She wrote a biography of the famous scientist, detailing his contributions to physics.
2. （口语/非正式）生平简介
a brief description of someone’s life, often included in a publication or website.
例句：
The author’s biography appears on the back cover of the book.
二、常见搭配（Collocations）
autobiography / biography → 自传 / 传记 write a biography of someone → 撰写某人的传记 biographical information → 传记信息 biographical details → 生平细节 famous / notable biography → 著名传记 literary / historical biography → 文学/历史传记
三、同义词（Synonyms）
life story memoir (自传 memoir 更强调个人回忆) profile sketch life account
四、派生词（Derivatives）
biographical /ˌbaɪəˈɡræfɪkl/ adj. 传记的；关于生平的 He gave a biographical account of the poet’s life. biographically adv. 以传记方式；有关生平地 The book is biographically detailed, covering all major events. biographer n. 传记作者 The biographer spent years researching the life of the Nobel laureate.
五、雅思学术例句（IELTS style）
The biography of Marie Curie provides insight into her scientific achievements and personal struggles. Biographical details of historical figures help scholars understand the social context of their work. Writing a biography requires careful research and verification of facts.
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