单词D4

1. dew

音标: /djuː/

词性: n.

中文: 露水

同义词

moisture, condensation

例句

Morning dew covered the grass.

(晨露覆盖着草地。)

2. diagnose

音标: /ˌdaɪəɡˈnəʊz/

词性: v.

中文: 诊断;判断(问题)

派生词

diagnosis n. 诊断 diagnostic adj. 诊断的

同义词

identify, determine, detect

例句

The doctor diagnosed him with pneumonia.

(医生诊断他得了肺炎。)

3. diagnosis

音标: /ˌdaɪəɡˈnəʊsɪs/

词性: n.

中文: 诊断(结果)

同义词

identification, analysis

例句

The diagnosis was confirmed after several tests.

(经过几次检查后诊断结果被确认。)

4. diagram

音标: /ˈdaɪəɡræm/

词性: n.

中文: 图表;示意图;流程图

同义词

chart, figure, illustration

例句

The teacher drew a diagram on the board.

(老师在黑板上画了一个示意图。)

5. dial

音标: /ˈdaɪəl/

词性: v./n.

中文: v. 拨号;调节

     n. 表盘

同义词

call, ring (v.)

例句

Please dial the number again.

(请重新拨这个号码。)

6. dialect

音标: /ˈdaɪəlekt/

词性: n.

中文: 方言;地方话

同义词

regional language, vernacular

例句

Each region has its own dialect.

(每个地区都有自己的方言。)

7. dialog(dialogue)

音标: /ˈdaɪəlɒɡ/

词性: n.

中文: 对话;交流

同义词

conversation, discussion

例句

The book is written mainly in dialogues.

(这本书主要由对话组成。)

8. diameter

音标: /daɪˈæmɪtə(r)/

词性: n.

中文: 直径

同义词

width, span

例句

The circle has a diameter of 10 cm.

(这个圆的直径为 10 厘米。)

9. diamond

音标: /ˈdaɪəmənd/

词性: n.

中文: 钻石;菱形

同义词

gem, jewel

例句

She wore a beautiful diamond necklace.

(她戴着一条漂亮的钻石项链。)

10. diary

音标: /ˈdaɪəri/

词性: n.

中文: 日记;日程本

同义词

journal, notebook

例句

She writes in her diary every night.

(她每天晚上都会写日记。)

11. dictate

音标: /dɪkˈteɪt/

词性: v.

中文: 口述;命令;支配

派生词

dictation n. 听写 dictator n. 独裁者

同义词

command, order, prescribe

例句

The teacher dictated the passage slowly.

(老师慢慢地口述这段文章。)

12. dictation

音标: /dɪkˈteɪʃn/

词性: n.

中文: 听写;口述记录

同义词

transcription

例句

The students practiced English through dictation.

(学生们通过听写练习英语。)

13. dictator

音标: /dɪkˈteɪtə(r)/

词性: n.

中文: 独裁者;专制者

同义词

autocrat, tyrant

例句

The dictator ruled the country with absolute power.

(这位独裁者以绝对权力统治国家。)

14. dictatorship

音标: /dɪkˈteɪtəʃɪp/

词性: n.

中文: 独裁;专政;独裁政权

同义词

autocracy, tyranny

例句

The country lived under dictatorship for decades.

(该国在独裁统治下生活了几十年。)

1. dig

/dɪɡ/

v. 挖;掘;搜索

派生词:digger 挖掘机/挖土者

同义词:excavate, shovel, search

例句:They began to dig a hole.

(他们开始挖洞。)

2. digest

/daɪˈdʒest/(v.) /ˈdaɪdʒest/(n.)

v. 消化;理解

n. 摘要

派生词:digestive(消化的)

同义词:absorb, comprehend, summarize

例句:I need time to digest the news.

(我需要时间消化这个消息。)

3. digestion

/daɪˈdʒestʃən/

n. 消化(生理/理解)

同义词:assimilation

例句:Good digestion is vital to health.

(良好的消化对健康很重要。)

4. digit

/ˈdɪdʒɪt/

n. 数字;位数

派生词:digitize(数字化)

同义词:number, numeral

例句:Your PIN has four digits.

(你的密码有四位。)

5. digital

/ˈdɪdʒɪtl/

adj. 数字的;电子的

同义词:electronic, computerized

例句:Digital devices are everywhere.

(数字设备无处不在。)

6. dignity

/ˈdɪɡnəti/

n. 尊严;高贵;自尊

同义词:honor, self-respect

例句:He kept his dignity throughout.

(他始终保持尊严。)

7. dike(dyke)

/daɪk/

n. 堤坝;沟渠

同义词:embankment, levee

例句:The dike protected the fields.

(堤坝保护了田地。)

8. dilute

/daɪˈluːt/

v. 稀释;冲淡

adj. 稀的;淡的

派生词:dilution(稀释)

同义词:weaken, thin, water down

例句:Dilute the solution with water.

(用水稀释溶液。)

9. diligent

/ˈdɪlɪdʒənt/

adj. 勤奋的;勤勉的

派生词:diligence(勤奋)

同义词:hard-working, industrious

例句:She is a diligent worker.

(她是个勤奋的员工。)

10. dim

/dɪm/

adj. 昏暗的;模糊的

v. 变暗

派生词:dimly(昏暗地)

同义词:faint, dull

例句:The lights grew dim.

(灯光变暗了。)

11. dime

/daɪm/

n. 十美分

例句:He didn’t have a dime.

(他一分钱都没有。)

12. dimension

/daɪˈmenʃən/

n. 维度;尺寸;方面

派生词:dimensional(维度的)

同义词:aspect, measurement

例句:The problem has many dimensions.

(这个问题有很多方面。)

13. dimensional

/daɪˈmenʃənl/

adj. 维度的;空间的

同义词:spatial

例句:A three-dimensional model is clearer.

(三维模型更清晰。)

14. diminish

/dɪˈmɪnɪʃ/

v. 减少;降低;削弱

同义词:reduce, lessen, decrease

例句:His power has diminished.

(他的权力减少了。)

1. dine

/daɪn/

v. 进餐(尤指正式晚餐)

派生词:diner(进餐者;小餐馆)

同义词:eat, have dinner

例句:We dined at a French restaurant.

(我们在一家法国餐厅吃晚餐。)

2. dining-room

/ˈdaɪnɪŋ ruːm/

n. 餐厅

同义词:dining area

例句:Breakfast is served in the dining-room.

(早餐在餐厅供应。)

3. dingy

/ˈdɪndʒi/

adj. 昏暗肮脏的;破旧的

同义词:dirty, shabby, gloomy

例句:He lived in a dingy apartment.

(他住在一间破旧的公寓里。)

4. dinner

/ˈdɪnər/

n. 晚餐;正餐

同义词:evening meal

例句:We had chicken for dinner.

(我们晚餐吃鸡肉。)

5. dip

/dɪp/

v. 浸;蘸;下降

n. 蘸酱;下降

派生词:dip into(浏览;随便翻阅)

同义词:immerse, decline

例句:Sales dipped slightly last month.

(上个月销量略有下降。)

6. diploma

/dɪˈploʊmə/

n. 毕业文凭;资格证书(雅思教育类常考)

派生词:diplomate(持有资格证书者)

同义词:certificate, qualification

例句:He obtained a teaching diploma.

(他获得了一份教师资格文凭。)

7. diplomacy

/dɪˈploʊməsi/

n. 外交;外交手腕

派生词:diplomatic(外交的)

同义词:negotiation, tact

例句:Good diplomacy can prevent conflicts.

(良好的外交能避免冲突。)

8. diplomat

/ˈdɪpləmæt/

n. 外交官;善于交际的人

同义词:envoy, ambassador

例句:He worked as a diplomat for many years.

(他当了多年外交官。)

9. diplomatic

/ˌdɪpləˈmætɪk/

adj. 外交的;圆滑的;有策略的

同义词:tactful, strategic

例句:She handled the issue in a diplomatic way.

(她用圆滑的方式处理了这个问题。)

10. direct

/dɪˈrekt/ 或 /daɪˈrekt/

adj. 直接的;直达的

v. 指挥;指导;导演

派生词:directness(直接性)

同义词:straight, guide, manage

例句:He directed the film.

(他导演了这部电影。)

11. direction

/dɪˈrekʃən/

n. 方向;指导;说明

派生词:directional(方向性的)

同义词:orientation, guidance

例句:He asked for directions to the station.

(他问去车站怎么走。)

12. directive

/dəˈrektɪv/

n. 指令;命令

adj. 指导性的

同义词:instruction, command

例句:The company issued a new directive.

(公司发布了新指令。)

13. directly

/dɪˈrektli/

adv. 直接地;立即

同义词:straight, immediately

例句:Please contact me directly.

(请直接联系我。)

14. director

/dəˈrektər/

n. 导演;主管;董事

派生词:directorial(导演的)

同义词:manager, filmmaker, chief

例句:He is the director of the company.

(他是公司的主管。)

15. directory

/dəˈrektəri/

n. 名录;电话簿;(电脑)目录

同义词:list, catalogue

例句:His name is not in the directory.

(他的名字不在名录里。)

16. dirt

/dɜːrt/

n. 污垢;泥土;脏东西

同义词:filth, soil

例句:The floor is covered with dirt.

(地板上满是灰尘。)

17. dirty

/ˈdɜːrti/

adj. 肮脏的;下流的

v. 弄脏

派生词:dirtiness(肮脏)

同义词:filthy, unclean

例句:Your shoes are very dirty.

(你的鞋子很脏。)

1. disable

/dɪsˈeɪbl/

v. 使残疾;使无法运作;使失效

派生词:disabling(使瘫痪的)

同义词:cripple, incapacitate

例句:The virus disabled the computer system.

(病毒使电脑系统瘫痪。)

2. disabled

/dɪsˈeɪbld/

adj. 残疾的;有障碍的

n. the disabled 残疾人(集合名词)

同义词:handicapped(旧,不推荐)

例句:Facilities for disabled people are improving.

(残疾人设施正在改善。)

3. disadvantage

/ˌdɪsədˈvæntɪdʒ/

n. 不利条件;缺点

派生词:disadvantaged(弱势的)

同义词:drawback, weakness

例句:One big disadvantage is the cost.

(一个主要缺点是费用。)

4. disadvantageous

/ˌdɪsˌædvənˈteɪdʒəs/

adj. 不利的;造成损害的(雅思作文可用)

同义词:unfavorable, harmful

例句:The plan is disadvantageous to small companies.

(该计划对小公司不利。)

5. disagree

/ˌdɪsəˈɡriː/

v. 不同意;有分歧;不一致

派生词:disagreeable(令人不快的)

同义词:oppose, differ

例句:I disagree with your opinion.

(我不同意你的观点。)

6. disagreement

/ˌdɪsəˈɡriːmənt/

n. 分歧;争执;不同意见

同义词:conflict, dispute

例句:There was a disagreement about the plan.

(对这个计划存在分歧。)

7. disallow

/ˌdɪsəˈlaʊ/

v. 不允许;禁止;驳回(法律、体育项目常用)

同义词:forbid, reject

例句:The referee disallowed the goal.

(裁判判该进球无效。)

8. disappear

/ˌdɪsəˈpɪr/

v. 消失;失踪;消亡

派生词:disappearing(逐渐消失的)

同义词:vanish, fade

例句:The sun disappeared behind the clouds.

(太阳消失在云后。)

9. disappearance

/ˌdɪsəˈpɪrəns/

n. 消失;失踪;灭绝

同义词:vanishing, loss

例句:His sudden disappearance shocked everyone.

(他突然的失踪让每个人震惊。)

10. disappoint

/ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/

v. 使失望

派生词:disappointing(令人失望的)

同义词:let down

例句:The result disappointed us.

(结果让我们失望。)

11. disappointed

/dɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd/

adj. 感到失望的

同义词:let down, dissatisfied

例句:She felt disappointed with her score.

(她对自己的成绩感到失望。)

12. disappointment

/ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt/

n. 失望;令人失望的事

同义词:frustration, letdown

例句:The cancellation was a major disappointment.

(取消是一个重大失望。)

13. disapproval

/ˌdɪsəˈpruːvəl/

n. 不赞成;反对;不认可(雅思作文常用)

同义词:opposition, objection

例句:The plan met with wide disapproval.

(计划遭到广泛反对。)

14. disaster

/dɪˈzæstər/

n. 灾难;大祸

派生词:disastrously(灾难性地)

同义词:catastrophe, tragedy

例句:The earthquake was a major disaster.

(这次地震是一场重大灾难。)

15. disastrous

/dɪˈzæstrəs/

adj. 灾难性的;极坏的(雅思高频正式用词)

同义词:catastrophic, devastating

例句:The policy had disastrous effects.

(这项政策造成了灾难性的后果。)

16. disburse

/dɪsˈbɜːrs/

v. (正式)支付;支出;拨款(金融常用)

同义词:pay out, expend

例句:Funds will be disbursed next week.

(资金将在下周支付。)

17. disbursement

/dɪsˈbɜːrsmənt/

n. 支出;付款;开销(书面语)

同义词:payment, expenditure

例句:The company recorded several large disbursements.

(公司记录了几笔大的支出。)

1. disc

/dɪsk/

n. 光盘;圆盘

派生词:disc-shaped(盘状的)

同义词:disk, platter

例句:She burned the files onto a disc.

(她把文件刻录到光盘上。)

2. discard

/dɪsˈkɑːrd/

v. 丢弃;抛弃

n. 被丢弃的东西

同义词:throw away, get rid of

例句:He discarded the old newspapers.

(他丢弃了旧报纸。)

3. discern

/dɪˈsɜːrn/

v. 识别;看出;分辨

派生词:discernible(可辨别的)

同义词:perceive, recognize

例句:She could discern a figure in the shadows.

(她能辨认出阴影中的身影。)

4. discharge

/dɪsˈtʃɑːrdʒ/

v. 卸货;释放;排放

n. 排放物;释放;义务履行

派生词:dischargeable(可释放的)

同义词:release, emit, unload

例句:The factory discharged waste into the river.

(工厂向河里排放废水。)

5. disciplinary

/ˌdɪsəˈplɪnəri/

adj. 纪律的;训练的;处分的

派生词:disciplinarian(严格执行纪律的人)

例句:The school took disciplinary action.

(学校采取了纪律处分。)

6. discipline

/ˈdɪsəplɪn/

n. 纪律;训练;学科

v. 训练;惩戒

派生词:disciplined(有纪律的)

同义词:control, training, punishment

例句:He has excellent self-discipline.

(他自律性极好。)

7. disclaim

/dɪsˈkleɪm/

v. 否认;放弃(权利、责任)

同义词:deny, renounce

例句:He disclaimed any responsibility for the accident.

(他否认对事故负任何责任。)

8. disclose

/dɪsˈkloʊz/

v. 透露;披露;揭露

派生词:disclosure(披露,公开)

同义词:reveal, divulge

例句:The company disclosed its profits.

(公司披露了利润。)

9. discomfort

/dɪsˈkʌmfərt/

n. 不适;不安;烦恼

同义词:unease, inconvenience

例句:There was some discomfort during the journey.

(旅途中有些不适。)

10. discomfortable

/dɪsˈkʌmfərtəbl/

adj. 不舒服的(较少用,可用 uncomfortable 替代)

同义词:uncomfortable, uneasy

例句:The chair was discomfortable to sit on.

(这把椅子坐起来不舒服。)

11. discontinue

/ˌdɪsˈkɒntɪnjuː/

v. 停止;中断;不再生产

同义词:stop, cease, terminate

例句:The company discontinued the product.

(公司停止生产该产品。)

12. discount

/ˈdɪskaʊnt/

n. 折扣;打折

v. 不考虑;打折扣

同义词:reduction, disregard

例句:The shop offers a discount on bulk purchases.

(商店对批量购买提供折扣。)

13. discourage

/dɪsˈkʌrɪdʒ/

v. 阻碍;使气馁

派生词:discouragement(气馁,阻碍)

同义词:deter, dishearten

例句:The teacher discouraged cheating.

(老师不鼓励作弊。)

14. discourse

/ˈdɪskɔːrs/

n. 演讲;论文;交流

v. 演讲;谈论

同义词:speech, discussion, talk

例句:He delivered a discourse on human rights.

(他就人权发表演讲。)

15. discover

/dɪˈskʌvər/

v. 发现;发觉

派生词:discovery(发现,发明)

同义词:find, detect, uncover

例句:Columbus discovered America.

(哥伦布发现了美洲。)

16. discovery

/dɪˈskʌvəri/

n. 发现;新发现的事物

同义词:finding, revelation

例句:The discovery of penicillin saved millions of lives.

(青霉素的发现拯救了数百万生命。)

1. discreet

/dɪˈskriːt/

adj. 谨慎的;慎重的

派生词:discretion(谨慎),discreetly(谨慎地)

同义词:careful, cautious, tactful

例句:You must be discreet when handling private information.

2. discreetly

/dɪˈskriːtli/

adv. 谨慎地;悄悄地

同义词:quietly, subtly

例句:He discreetly left the meeting.

3. discrepancy

/dɪˈskrepənsi/

n. 差异;不一致

同义词:difference, inconsistency, mismatch

例句:There is a discrepancy between the two reports.

4. discretion

/dɪˈskreʃən/

n. 谨慎;自行决定权

派生词:discretionary(自由决定的)

同义词:judgment, prudence

例句:Use your discretion when choosing the candidate.

5. discriminate

/dɪˈskrɪmɪˌneɪt/

v. 区分;歧视

派生词:discrimination(歧视)

同义词:distinguish; to be biased

例句:It is illegal to discriminate on the basis of race.

6. discrimination

/dɪˌskrɪmɪˈneɪʃən/

n. 歧视;区别

同义词:bias, prejudice

例句:The law protects people from discrimination.

7. discuss

/dɪˈskʌs/

v. 讨论

派生词:discussion(讨论)

同义词:talk about, debate

例句:We will discuss the plan tomorrow.

8. discussion

/dɪˈskʌʃən/

n. 讨论;商议

同义词:conversation, debate

例句:The topic caused a lively discussion.

9. disdain

/dɪsˈdeɪn/

n./v. 蔑视,鄙视

同义词:scorn, contempt

例句:He looked at the messy room with disdain.

10. disease

/dɪˈziːz/

n. 疾病

同义词:illness, sickness

例句:Heart disease is a major health problem.

11. disgrace

/dɪsˈɡreɪs/

n. 耻辱

v. 使丢脸

派生词:disgraceful(可耻的)

同义词:shame, dishonor

例句:He was dismissed in disgrace.

12. disgraceful

/dɪsˈɡreɪsfəl/

adj. 可耻的;丢脸的

同义词:shameful, dishonorable

例句:Cheating on exams is disgraceful.

13. disguise

/dɪsˈɡaɪz/

v. 伪装;掩饰

n. 伪装物

同义词:mask, conceal

例句:She disguised herself as a nurse.

14. disgust

/dɪsˈɡʌst/

n. 厌恶

v. 使厌恶

派生词:disgusted(感到恶心的),disgusting(令人恶心的)

同义词:revulsion, loathing

例句:The smell filled her with disgust.

15. disgustful(较少用)

/dɪsˈɡʌstfəl/

adj. 令人厌恶的(= disgusting,更常用)

同义词:disgusting, sickening

例句:It was a disgustful sight.(更自然:a disgusting sight)