📘 fort
/fɔːt/ (英) / /fɔːrt/ (美)
n. 要塞；堡垒
同义：fortress
例句：The soldiers defended the fort.
📘 forth
/fɔːθ/ (英) / /fɔːrθ/ (美)
adv. 向前；向外
搭配：go forth, bring forth
例句：He stepped forth to speak.
📘 forthcoming
/ˌfɔːθˈkʌmɪŋ/ (英) / /ˌfɔːrθˈkʌmɪŋ/ (美)
adj. 即将到来的；坦率的
同义：upcoming
例句：Details of the forthcoming event were released.
📘 fortitude
/ˈfɔːtɪtjuːd/ (英) / /ˈfɔːrtɪtuːd/ (美)
n. 坚韧；刚毅
同义：resilience, courage
例句：She faced hardship with fortitude.
📘 fortnight
/ˈfɔːtnaɪt/ (英)
n. 两星期
说明：英式常用（美式多用 two weeks）
例句：I’ll see you in a fortnight.
📘 fortress
/ˈfɔːtrɪs/ (英) / /ˈfɔːrtrɪs/ (美)
n. 城堡；堡垒
引申：坚固的地方
例句：The city became a fortress.
📘 fortuity
/fɔːˈtjuːɪti/ (英) / /fɔːrˈtuːɪti/ (美)
n. 偶然性；巧合
同义：chance
例句：Their meeting was pure fortuity.
📘 fortunate
/ˈfɔːtʃənət/ (英) / /ˈfɔːrtʃənət/ (美)
adj. 幸运的
反义：unfortunate
例句：She was fortunate to survive.
📘 fortunately
/ˈfɔːtʃənətli/ (英) / /ˈfɔːrtʃənətli/ (美)
adv. 幸运地
例句：Fortunately, no one was hurt.
📘 fortune
/ˈfɔːtʃuːn/ (英) / /ˈfɔːrtʃən/ (美)
n. 运气；财富
搭配：make a fortune
例句：He made a fortune in business.
📘 forty
/ˈfɔːti/ (英) / /ˈfɔːrti/ (美)
num. 四十
注意：拼写无 u
例句：She is forty years old.
📘 forum
/ˈfɔːrəm/ (英/美)
n. 论坛；讨论场所
复数：forums / fora
例句：The issue was debated in an online forum.
📘 forward
/ˈfɔːwəd/ (英) / /ˈfɔːrwərd/ (美)
adv./adj./v. 向前；前进的；转交
搭配：look forward to
例句：Please forward the email.
📘 fossil
/ˈfɒsɪl/ (英) / /ˈfɑːsɪl/ (美)
n. 化石
搭配：fossil fuel
例句：The fossil dates back millions of years.
📘 foster
/ˈfɒstə(r)/ (英) / /ˈfɑːstər/ (美)
v. 培养；促进
同义：promote, nurture
例句：Education fosters creativity.
📘 foul
/faʊl/ (英/美)
adj. 恶臭的；邪恶的
v. 犯规；弄脏
例句：He committed a foul in the game.
📘 found
/faʊnd/ (英/美)
v. 建立；创立
派生：foundation, founder
例句：The company was founded in 1990.
📘 foundation
/faʊnˈdeɪʃn/ (英/美)
n. 基础；基金会
搭配：lay the foundation
例句：Trust is the foundation of cooperation.
📘 founder
/ˈfaʊndə(r)/ (英) / /ˈfaʊndər/ (美)
n. 创始人
v. 失败；沉没
例句：She is the founder of the charity.
📘 fountain
/ˈfaʊntɪn/ (英) / /ˈfaʊntn/ (美)
n. 喷泉；源泉
搭配：fountain pen
例句：A fountain stood in the square.
📘 four
/fɔː/ (英) / /fɔːr/ (美)
num. 四
例句：She has four brothers.
📘 fourteen
/ˌfɔːˈtiːn/ (英) / /ˌfɔːrˈtiːn/ (美)
num. 十四
例句：The class has fourteen students.
📘 fourth
/fɔːθ/ (英) / /fɔːrθ/ (美)
num./adj. 第四
例句：He finished fourth in the race.
📘 fowl
/faʊl/ (英/美)
n. 家禽；鸟类
同义：poultry
例句：Domestic fowl are raised on the farm.
📘 fox
/fɒks/ (英) / /fɑːks/ (美)
n. 狐狸
v. 使迷惑
派生：foxy (adj.)
例句：The fox escaped into the woods.
📘 fraction
/ˈfrækʃn/ (英/美)
n. 分数；一小部分
搭配：a fraction of
例句：Only a fraction of the population agreed.
📘 fractional
/ˈfrækʃənl/ (英/美)
adj. 部分的；分数的
例句：There was only a fractional improvement.
📘 fracture
/ˈfræktʃə(r)/ (英) / /ˈfræktʃər/ (美)
n./v. 骨折；断裂
同义：break, crack
例句：He fractured his arm.
📘 fragile
/ˈfrædʒaɪl/ (英) / /ˈfrædʒl/ (美)
adj. 易碎的；脆弱的
同义：delicate, vulnerable
例句：Handle the glass—it’s fragile.
📘 fragment
/ˈfræɡmənt/ (英/美)
n. 碎片；片段
v. 使碎裂
派生：fragmentation
例句：Fragments of pottery were found.
📘 fragrance
/ˈfreɪɡrəns/ (英/美)
n. 芳香；香味
同义：scent, aroma
例句：The room was filled with floral fragrance.
📘 fragrant
/ˈfreɪɡrənt/ (英/美)
adj. 芳香的
例句：Fragrant flowers lined the path.
📘 frail
/freɪl/ (英/美)
adj. 虚弱的；脆弱的
同义：weak, fragile
例句：The patient looked frail.
📘 frame
/freɪm/ (英/美)
n. 框架；骨架
v. 构想；装框
搭配：frame of mind
例句：The picture was placed in a wooden frame.
📘 framework
/ˈfreɪmwɜːk/ (英) / /ˈfreɪmwɜːrk/ (美)
n. 体系；框架
搭配：theoretical/legal framework
例句：The law provides a framework for reform.
📘 France
/frɑːns/ (英) / /fræns/ (美)
n. 法国
例句：She studied art in France.
📘 franchise
/ˈfræntʃaɪz/ (英/美)
n. 特许经营权；选举权
v. 授予特权
搭配：a fast-food franchise
例句：He runs a restaurant franchise.
📘 frank
/fræŋk/ (英/美)
adj. 坦率的；直言不讳的
同义：honest, candid
派生：frankness (n.)
例句：She was frank about her mistakes.
📘 frankly
/ˈfræŋkli/ (英/美)
adv. 坦率地；直说
搭配：frankly speaking
例句：Frankly, I don’t agree.
📘 free
/friː/ (英/美)
adj. 自由的；免费的；不受约束的
v. 释放
派生：freedom, freely
搭配：free from, free of charge
例句：The ticket is free.
📘 freedom
/ˈfriːdəm/ (英/美)
n. 自由；自主权
同义：liberty
搭配：freedom of speech
例句：Freedom is a basic human right.
📘 freely
/ˈfriːli/ (英/美)
adv. 自由地；随意地
例句：People can speak freely here.
📘 freeze
/friːz/ (英/美)
v. 结冰；冻结；僵住
n. 冻结
派生：frozen (adj.)
例句：Water freezes at 0°C.
📘 freezer
/ˈfriːzə(r)/ (英) / /ˈfriːzər/ (美)
n. 冰箱冷冻室；冷冻柜
例句：The meat is stored in the freezer.
📘 freight
/freɪt/ (英/美)
n. 货物；运费
v. 运输
搭配：air/sea freight
例句：Goods are shipped by freight train.
📘 French
/frentʃ/ (英/美)
adj. 法国的；法语的
n. 法语；法国人
例句：She speaks fluent French.
📘 Frenchman
/ˈfrentʃmən/ (英/美)
n. 法国男子
复数：Frenchmen
例句：The Frenchman greeted us politely.
📘 frequency
/ˈfriːkwənsi/ (英/美)
n. 频率；发生率
同义：rate
搭配：high/low frequency
例句：Word frequency matters in IELTS reading.
📘 frequent
/ˈfriːkwənt/ (英/美)
adj. 频繁的
v. 常去
派生：frequently
例句：He is a frequent visitor.
📘 frequently
/ˈfriːkwəntli/ (英/美)
adv. 经常地
同义：often, regularly
例句：This topic appears frequently in exams.
🎯 雅思高频词族总结
free → freedom → freely frequent → frequency → frequently frank → frankly → frankness
📘 fresh
/freʃ/ (英/美)
adj. 新鲜的；清新的；新的
派生：freshness (n.)
同义：new, clean
搭配：fresh air / fresh food
例句：We need some fresh ideas.
📘 freshen
/ˈfreʃən/ (英/美)
v. 使变新鲜；使清新
搭配：freshen up
例句：A shower will freshen you up.
📘 freshman
/ˈfreʃmən/ (英/美)
n. （美）大学一年级新生
复数：freshmen
例句：She is a freshman at Harvard.
📘 fret
/fret/ (英/美)
v. 烦恼；焦虑
n. 烦躁
同义：worry, be anxious
搭配：fret about/over
例句：There’s no need to fret about it.
📘 friction
/ˈfrɪkʃən/ (英/美)
n. 摩擦；冲突；不和
搭配：social friction / cause friction
例句：Friction arose between the two teams.
📘 Friday
/ˈfraɪdeɪ/ (英/美)
n. 星期五
例句：The meeting is scheduled for Friday.
📘 friend
/frend/ (英/美)
n. 朋友
派生：friendship
例句：She is a close friend of mine.
📘 friendly
/ˈfrendli/ (英/美)
adj. 友好的；友善的
反义：hostile
搭配：friendly attitude
例句：The staff are very friendly.
📘 friendship
/ˈfrendʃɪp/ (英/美)
n. 友谊
搭配：build/maintain friendship
例句：True friendship lasts a lifetime.
📘 fright
/fraɪt/ (英/美)
n. 惊吓；恐惧
同义：fear, terror
例句：She screamed in fright.
📘 frighten
/ˈfraɪtən/ (英/美)
v. 使害怕
搭配：frighten sb into doing sth
例句：The noise frightened the child.
📘 frightening
/ˈfraɪtənɪŋ/ (英/美)
adj. 令人恐惧的
同义：scary, terrifying
例句：It was a frightening experience.
📘 frightful
/ˈfraɪtfəl/ (英/美)
adj. 可怕的；极糟的
同义：awful, dreadful
例句：The weather was frightful.
📘 fringe
/frɪndʒ/ (英/美)
n. 边缘；穗状饰边
adj. 边缘的；非主流的
搭配：on the fringe of society
例句：He lives on the fringe of the city.
📘 frock
/frɒk/ (英) / /frɑːk/ (美)
n. 女装；连衣裙
例句：She wore a simple summer frock.
🎯 雅思词族与用法提示
fresh → freshen → freshness（描述环境、观点、空气） friend → friendly → friendship（人物关系类高频） fright → frighten → frightening → frightful（情绪/经历描写）
📘 frog
/frɒɡ/ (英) / /frɑːɡ/ (美)
n. 青蛙
例句：A frog jumped into the pond.
📘 from
/frɒm/ (英) / /frʌm/ (美)
prep. 从；来自；由于
搭配：from…to… / come from
例句：She comes from Italy.
📘 front
/frʌnt/ (英/美)
n. 前面；正面
adj. 前面的
v. 面向；在……前
派生：frontal (adj.)
搭配：in front of / front door
例句：He stood at the front of the room.
📘 frontier
/ˈfrʌntɪə/ (英) / /frʌnˈtɪr/ (美)
n. 边境；边疆；前沿
搭配：border / scientific frontier
例句：Space is the final frontier.
📘 frost
/frɒst/ (英) / /frɑːst/ (美)
n. 霜；严寒
v. 结霜
派生：frosty
例句：The ground was covered with frost.
📘 frosty
/ˈfrɒsti/ (英) / /ˈfrɑːsti/ (美)
adj. 有霜的；寒冷的；冷淡的
同义：cold, chilly
例句：She gave him a frosty look.
📘 frown
/fraʊn/ (英/美)
v. 皱眉；不赞成
n. 皱眉
搭配：frown at / upon
例句：He frowned at the suggestion.
📘 frugal
/ˈfruːɡəl/ (英/美)
adj. 节俭的；简朴的
派生：frugality (n.)
同义：economical, thrifty
例句：She lives a frugal life.
📘 fruit
/fruːt/ (英/美)
n. 水果；成果
派生：fruitful, fruitless
搭配：bear fruit
例句：Hard work will bear fruit.
📘 fruitful
/ˈfruːtfəl/ (英/美)
adj. 多产的；富有成效的
反义：fruitless
搭配：fruitful discussion
例句：The talks were fruitful.
📘 frustrate
/frʌˈstreɪt/ (英/美)
v. 使沮丧；挫败
派生：frustrated (adj.), frustration (n.)
同义：discourage, thwart
例句：The delay frustrated our plans.
📘 frustration
/frʌˈstreɪʃən/ (英/美)
n. 沮丧；挫折
搭配：sense of frustration
例句：He felt deep frustration at the result.
🎯 雅思高频词族提示
fruit → fruitful / fruitless（写作 Task 2 常用评价） frustrate → frustration → frustrated（情绪与社会问题） front / frontier（科技、探索、社会发展话题） frugal（消费、经济、生活方式类高分词）
📘 fry
/fraɪ/ (英/美)
v. 油炸；煎
n. 炸薯条（常用复数 fries）
派生：fried (adj.)
搭配：fry eggs / deep-fry
例句：She fried the fish in oil.
📘 frying-pan
/ˈfraɪɪŋ pæn/ (英/美)
n. 煎锅；平底锅
例句：Heat the oil in a frying-pan.
📘 fuck ⚠️
/fʌk/ (英/美)
v./n. 粗俗用语：性交；（俚）强烈表达愤怒、强调等
说明：非正式、冒犯性强，不用于正式或考试写作
常见口语用法：表达情绪（不建议使用）
📘 fuel
/ˈfjuːəl/ (英) / /ˈfuːəl/ (美)
n. 燃料；动力来源
v. 给……提供燃料；加剧
派生：fuel-efficient
搭配：fossil fuel / fuel growth
例句：Coal is a major fuel source.
📘 fulfil (美式 fulfill)
/fʊlˈfɪl/ (英/美)
v. 完成；履行；实现
派生：fulfilment / fulfillment (n.)
搭配：fulfil a promise / a role
例句：He fulfilled his duty.
📘 fulfilment / fulfillment
/fʊlˈfɪlmənt/ (英/美)
n. 实现；满足感
搭配：sense of fulfilment
例句：Teaching gives her fulfilment.
📘 full
/fʊl/ (英/美)
adj. 满的；完全的
派生：fullness (n.)
搭配：full of / full time
例句：The bottle is full.
📘 fully
/ˈfʊli/ (英/美)
adv. 完全地；充分地
同义：completely
例句：I fully agree.
📘 fumble
/ˈfʌmbəl/ (英/美)
v. 笨拙地摸索；失手
n. 失误
同义：bungle
例句：He fumbled with the keys.
📘 fun
/fʌn/ (英/美)
n. 乐趣；娱乐
adj. 有趣的（非正式）
搭配：have fun / fun-loving
例句：We had great fun.
📘 function
/ˈfʌŋkʃən/ (英/美)
n. 功能；作用
v. 运转；起作用
派生：functional (adj.)
搭配：serve a function
例句：The machine functions well.
📘 functional
/ˈfʌŋkʃənəl/ (英/美)
adj. 功能性的；实用的
反义：non-functional
例句：The design is simple but functional.
📘 fund
/fʌnd/ (英/美)
n. 资金；基金
v. 资助
派生：funding (n.)
搭配：raise funds / research fund
例句：The project is government-funded.
📘 fundamental
/ˌfʌndəˈmentəl/ (英/美)
adj. 基本的；根本的
n. 基本原则
同义：basic, essential
例句：Freedom is a fundamental right.
📘 funeral
/ˈfjuːnərəl/ (英) / /ˈfuːnərəl/ (美)
n. 葬礼
搭配：funeral service
例句：They attended the funeral.
📘 funny
/ˈfʌni/ (英/美)
adj. 有趣的；滑稽的；（口）奇怪的
派生：funniest
搭配：funny story / feel funny
例句：That movie is funny.
🎯 雅思高频提示
fuel / fund / fundamental / function：学术写作高频核心词 fulfil / fulfilment：目标、政策、责任话题常用 functional：设计、科技、城市规划
📘 fur
/fɜː(r)/ (英) / /fɝː/ (美)
n. 毛皮；软毛
派生：furry (adj.)
搭配：fur coat
例句：The cat has soft fur.
📘 furious
/ˈfjʊəriəs/ (英) / /ˈfjʊrɪəs/ (美)
adj. 极度愤怒的；猛烈的
派生：furiously (adv.)
同义：angry, enraged
搭配：furious at/about
例句：She was furious at the delay.
📘 furnace
/ˈfɜːnɪs/ (英) / /ˈfɝːnɪs/ (美)
n. 炉子；熔炉
搭配：blast furnace
例句：Steel is melted in a furnace.
📘 furnish
/ˈfɜːnɪʃ/ (英) / /ˈfɝːnɪʃ/ (美)
v. 配备家具；提供
派生：furnished (adj.)
搭配：furnish a room / furnish evidence
例句：The flat is fully furnished.
📘 furniture
/ˈfɜːnɪtʃə(r)/ (英) / /ˈfɝːnɪtʃɚ/ (美)
n. 家具（不可数）
搭配：office furniture
例句：The furniture is modern.
📘 furrow
/ˈfʌrəʊ/ (英) / /ˈfɝːoʊ/ (美)
n. 犁沟；皱纹
v. 使起皱；犁地
例句：He furrowed his brow.
📘 further
/ˈfɜːðə(r)/ (英) / /ˈfɝːðɚ/ (美)
adj./adv. 更远；进一步
v. 促进
搭配：further study / go further
例句：We need further discussion.
📘 furthermore
/ˌfɜːðəˈmɔː(r)/ (英) / /ˌfɝːðɚˈmɔːr/ (美)
adv. 此外；而且（正式）
同义：moreover
例句：Furthermore, the cost is low.
📘 fury
/ˈfjʊəri/ (英) / /ˈfjʊri/ (美)
n. 暴怒；狂怒
派生：furious (adj.)
搭配：in a fury
例句：He shouted in fury.
📘 fuse
/fjuːz/ (英/美)
n. 保险丝；导火线
v. 熔合；融合
派生：fusion (n.)
搭配：blow a fuse / fuse ideas
例句：The fuse has blown.
📘 fuss
/fʌs/ (英/美)
n./v. 大惊小怪；忙乱
搭配：make a fuss
例句：Don’t make a fuss over it.
📘 fussy
/ˈfʌsi/ (英/美)
adj. 爱挑剔的；小题大做的
同义：picky
例句：She’s fussy about food.
📘 future
/ˈfjuːtʃə(r)/ (英) / /ˈfjuːtʃɚ/ (美)
n. 将来；前途
adj. 未来的
搭配：in the future / future plans
例句：The future looks bright.
📘 futures
/ˈfjuːtʃəz/ (英) / /ˈfjuːtʃɚz/ (美)
n. 期货（金融）
搭配：futures market
例句：Oil futures fell sharply.
🎯 学习提示
further / furthermore：雅思写作连接词高频 furnish / furniture：注意 furniture 不可数 future / futures：区分普通用法与金融含义
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